Malaysia 2022 Article Iv Consultation Press Release Staff Report And Statement By The Executive Director For Malaysia PDF Download
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Author | : International Monetary |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 135 |
Release | : 2022-04-28 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Malaysia: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Malaysia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Malaysia’s economy is showing signs of a gradual yet steady recovery thanks to the authorities’ impressive vaccine rollout, swift and coordinated implementation of multi-pronged support measures. The recovery nevertheless remains uneven and the output gap sizeable, with significant downside risks. Going forward, the authorities should calibrate macroeconomic policies to the pace of the recovery, while preserving policy space given pandemic-related uncertainties, and simultaneously accelerate structural reforms.
Author | : International Monetary |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 104 |
Release | : 2022-07-05 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Vietnam Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Spurred by an impressive vaccination drive, the economy is rebounding from a severe pandemic wave. The government successfully maintained fiscal, external, and financial stability. Nonetheless, the labor market recovery is lagging, with sizeable underemployment, small and medium sized enterprises remain vulnerable, problem loans are rising, real estate and corporate bond market risks are elevated, and the pandemic exacerbated longstanding structural challenges.
Author | : International Monetary |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 83 |
Release | : 2022-04-06 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Japan: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Japan Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Pre-COVID-19, economic policies under “Abenomics” helped ease financial conditions, exit deflation, and raise labor market participation, but fell short on the deep reforms needed to raise productivity and achieve inclusive and sustainable growth. The Japanese economy is now recovering from the pandemic amid strong policy support that has helped to mitigate the downturn. Japan had substantially lower rates of COVID-related infections and deaths than most advanced economies.
Author | : International Monetary |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 120 |
Release | : 2022-04-08 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Zimbabwe: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Zimbabwe Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Zimbabwe experienced severe exogenous shocks (cyclone Idai, protracted drought, and the COVID-19 pandemic) during 2019-20, which along with policy missteps in 2019, led to a deep recession and high inflation. Real GDP contracted cumulatively by 11.7 percent during 2019-20 and inflation reached 837 percent (y/y) by July 2020. Reflecting good rainfall and relaxation of containment measures, real GDP rose by 6.3 percent in 2021. A tighter policy stance since mid-2020 (relative to 2019) has contributed to reducing inflation to 60.7 percent (y/y) at end-2021. However, high double-digit inflation and wide parallel foreign exchange (FX) market premia persist. The economic downturn and high inflation increased the financial system vulnerabilities. Extreme poverty has risen and about a third of the population is at risk of food insecurity. The international community seeks improvements in domestic political conditions and economic policies to initiate reengagement with Zimbabwe. The authorities have started token payments to external creditors in a bid to revive international reengagement.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 90 |
Release | : 2022-12-23 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download India Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The economy has rebounded from the pandemic-related downturn but is facing new headwinds. The authorities have responded with fiscal policy measures to support vulnerable groups and to mitigate the economic impact of commodity price increases, as well as with front-loaded monetary policy tightening to address elevated inflation. A world class public digital infrastructure is facilitating innovation, productivity improvements and access to services. Further structural reforms, including to address the adverse impact of climate change, are needed to secure strong and sustainable growth.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 122 |
Release | : 2022-12-18 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Cambodia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
After suffering a recession during the pandemic, the Cambodian economy was on a steady recovery path, but is facing new pressures in 2022 that have buffeted external demand and increased inflation rates. The authorities have largely continued with crisis policy responses and have pressed on with policy reforms. The recovery is projected to continue, notwithstanding external stresses. Risks of public debt distress remain low. However, the level of private debt raises concerns about potential debt overhang.
Author | : Diego Mesa Puyo |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 33 |
Release | : 2024-03-27 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Key Challenges Faced by Fossil Fuel Exporters During the Energy Transition Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The global energy transition is affecting fossil fuel exporters from multiple angles. It is adding to longstanding uncertainties on relative movements of fossil fuel demand and supply—which impact fossil fuel-related exports, fiscal flows, investment and subsequently external and fiscal accounts, economic growth, and employment. While policymakers are very familiar with these challenges, they now also face expectations of a permanent decline in the long-run global demand for fossil fuels. Key factors that could determine country-level impacts include (i) the type of fossil fuel a country exports (ii) extraction costs and (iii) country characteristics. The monitoring and mitigation of fiscal risks will need to be stepped up. Fiscal policy also has a role in reducing domestic emissions, encouraging adoption of low-carbon technologies, and helping those most vulnerable to changes from the transition. Broader macroeconomic risks can be reduced by accelerating ongoing structural reforms that support alternative engines of growth. Low- or zero-carbon emission energy industries could offer new avenues that build on existing fossil fuel knowledge and infrastructure. Concurrently, improved financial regulation and supervision could reduce financial sector exposures. Finally, international coordination on the design and implementation of climate policy as well as international transfer schemes (financing and capacity development) could reduce uncertainties surrounding the transition path and associated adverse economic consequences.
Author | : International Monetary |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 93 |
Release | : 2022-05-11 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Peru: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Peru Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
After being hit very hard by the pandemic in 2020, both in terms of health and economic outcomes, Peru experienced an equally strong economic rebound in 2021. A new administration was inaugurated in July 2021 with a program focused on reducing inequality and improving social conditions, but limited support from Congress and lack of cohesion heightened political uncertainty. While real GDP surpassed its pre-pandemic level by 2021, labor force participation and total employment have not fully recovered yet. Poverty increased significantly in 2020 and, despite some improvement in 2021, remains higher than in 2019. On May 27, 2021, the IMF Executive Board completed the mid-term review of Peru’s continued qualification under the Flexible Credit Line (FCL) arrangement.
Author | : International Monetary |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 85 |
Release | : 2022-04-04 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Colombia: 2022 Article IV Consultation—Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Colombia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Colombia’s economy rebounded strongly in 2021 with 10.6 percent growth led by pent-up domestic demand, notably private consumption. Around 66 percent of the population is fully vaccinated against Covid-19 as of end-February and the economy continues to reopen more fully. While GDP has already reached pre-pandemic levels, employment has trailed in its recovery and macroeconomic imbalances have emerged. Amid strong demand, supply constraints, and rising commodity prices, rising inflation exceeded the upper limit of the central bank’s tolerance range in 2021. With demand-led growth and higher import prices, the current account deficit widened to 53⁄4 percent of GDP. Under staff’s assumptions for the evolution of the pandemic, above-potential growth around 51⁄2 percent is expected in 2022, led by robust household consumption and a continued recovery of investment and exports. External vulnerabilities remain elevated with high external financing needs and tighter financial conditions. External risks remain elevated and an intensification of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine may impart considerable volatility in financial and commodity markets. Domestic risks are also tilted to the downside—including uncertainty around the evolution of the pandemic, political uncertainty with national elections this year, and slower implementation of the infrastructure agenda and peace accords.
Author | : International Monetary |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 100 |
Release | : 2022-02-18 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Republic of Tajikistan: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by Executive Director for the Republic of Tajikistan Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
With a strong recovery in train, the authorities are gradually withdrawing the policy stimulus released during the pandemic. Although debt is sustainable, there is a high risk of debt distress. At the same time, financing the Roghun dam project while implementing tax reform remains a key challenge. The financial sector has stabilized, but intermediation remains low. Risks to the outlook are tilted to the downside due to uncertainty on the pandemic and regional spillovers.