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Communities in Action

Communities in Action
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 583
Release: 2017-04-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309452961

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In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.


Global Health Disparities

Global Health Disparities
Author: Enku Kebede-Francis
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Total Pages: 490
Release: 2011
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 0763778931

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Health Sciences & Professions


Global Child Health

Global Child Health
Author: Krishnan Subrahmanian
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 108
Release: 2018-04-28
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3319751360

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This timely resource brings child health to the forefront of global health and the crucial goal of universal equity of care. Its resource-based framework offers contemporary perspective on factors driving child health disparities, specific vulnerabilities of underserved children, and ways readers can become effective advocates for children. The book critiques current child health policy worldwide, examining both policies that are helping to alleviate and are contributing to further inequities. And the authors provide an extensive toolkit to aid professionals in multidimensional screening for child, newborn, maternal, and post-natal health as well as socioeconomic determinants of health. Included in the coverage: · What is global health? · The current state of global child health and disparities · Global health disparities in high-resource settings · Pathologies disproportionally affecting the underserved · Policy and advocacy framework · Navigating the domestic resources (an advocate’s well child check) Global Child Health will find a ready audience among child health providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, nursing staff, social workers, allied healthcare providers, public health professionals), medical educators (medical schools, departments of pediatrics, schools of public health, nursing schools and programs, schools of allied health), and child health policymakers (staff at USAID, Health and Human Services, health services researchers in child and global health policy, health advocacy-related nonprofit organizations).


Crossing the Global Quality Chasm

Crossing the Global Quality Chasm
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 399
Release: 2019-01-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309477891

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In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care.


Challenges and Successes in Reducing Health Disparities

Challenges and Successes in Reducing Health Disparities
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 210
Release: 2008-06-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 030918570X

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In early 2007, the Institute of Medicine convened the Roundtable on Health Disparities to increase the visibility of racial and ethnic health disparities as a national problem, to further the development of programs and strategies to reduce disparities, to foster the emergence of leadership on this issue, and to track promising activities and developments in health care that could lead to dramatically reducing or eliminating disparities. The Roundtable's first workshop, Challenges and Successes in Reducing Health Disparities, was held in St. Louis, Missouri, on July 31, 2007, and examined (1) the importance of differences in life expectancy within the United States, (2) the reasons for those differences, and (3) the implications of this information for programs and policy makers.


Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem?

Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem?
Author: Lisa Cooper
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2021-06-29
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1421441160

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How can we all work together to eliminate the avoidable injustices that plague our health care system and society? Health is determined by far more than a person's choices and behaviors. Social and political conditions, economic forces, physical environments, institutional policies, health care system features, social relationships, risk behaviors, and genetic predispositions all contribute to physical and mental well-being. In America and around the world, many of these factors are derived from a lingering history of unequal opportunities and unjust treatment for people of color and other vulnerable communities. But they aren't the only ones who suffer because of these disparities—everyone is impacted by the factors that degrade health for the least advantaged among us. In Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem? Dr. Lisa Cooper shows how we can work together to eliminate the injustices that plague our health care system and society. The book follows Cooper's journey from her childhood in Liberia, West Africa, to her thirty-year career working first as a clinician and then as a health equity researcher at Johns Hopkins University. Drawing on her experiences, it explores how differences in communication and the quality of relationships affect health outcomes. Through her work as the founder and director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Equity, it details the actions and policies needed to reduce and eliminate the conditions that are harming us all. Cooper reveals with compelling detail how health disparities are crippling our health care system and society, driving up health care costs, leading to adverse health outcomes and ultimately an enormous burden of human suffering. Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem? demonstrates the ways in which everyone's health is interconnected, both within communities and across the globe. Cooper calls for a new kind of herd immunity, when a sufficiently high proportion of people, across race and social class, become immune to harmful social conditions through "vaccination" with solidarity among groups and opportunities created by institutional and societal practices and policies. By acknowledging and acting upon that interconnectedness, she believes everyone can help to create a healthier world. Features • Raises readers' health care inequities literacy through an approachable narrative with specific examples • Introduces the concept of "herd immunity" as it applies to building communal awareness of systemic injustices • Features sections that underscore key takeaways • Includes contributions from the world's leading minds through their research findings and quotations • Guides readers on what can be done at an individual level as a patient, public health professional, and community member • Includes inspiring stories of effective health equity studies and practices around the world, from Ghana's ADHINCRA Project addressing hypertension control to Baltimore's BRIDGE Study for depression in African Americans and the Maryland and Pennsylvania–based RICH LIFE Project for hypertension, diabetes, and other medical conditions Johns Hopkins Wavelengths In classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world's most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems' environmental impacts, health equity, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms.


Transforming Global Health

Transforming Global Health
Author: Korydon H. Smith
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2020-02-05
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030321126

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This contributed volume motivates and educates across fields about the major challenges in global health and the interdisciplinary strategies for solving them. Once the purview of public health, medicine, and nursing, global health is now an interdisciplinary endeavor that relies on expertise from anthropology to urban planning, economics to political science, geography to engineering. Scholars and practitioners in the health sciences are seeking knowledge from a wider array of fields while, simultaneously, students across majors have a growing interest in humanitarian issues and are pursuing knowledge and skills for impacting well-being across geographic and disciplinary borders. Using a highly practical approach and illustrative case studies, each chapter of this edited volume frames a particular problem and illustrates how interdisciplinary problem-solving can address the greatest challenges in global health today. In doing so, each chapter spurs critical and creative thinking about emergent and future problems. Topics explored among the chapters include: Transforming health and well-being for refugees and their communities Governing to deliver safe and affordable water The global crisis of antimicrobial resistance Low-tech, high-impact interventions to prevent neonatal mortality Communicating taboo health subjects Alternative housing delivery for slum upgrades Transforming Global Health: Interdisciplinary Challenges, Perspectives, and Strategies is a vital and timely compendium for any reader invested in improving global health equity. It will find an audience with researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and program implementers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students and faculty in the fields of global health, public health, and the health sciences.


Toward Equity in Health

Toward Equity in Health
Author: Barbara C. Wallace, PhD
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
Total Pages: 587
Release: 2007-11-26
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0826103685

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This essential collection presents a state-of-the-art framework for how workers in public health and related disciplines should conceptualize health disparities and how they should be addressed worldwide. The contributors, who are leading public health professionals, educators, and practitioners in complimentary fields advance new evidence-based models designed to mobilize and educate the next generation of research and practice. The resulting chapters articulate new theory, procedures, and policies; the legacy of racism; community-based participatory research; new internet technology; training community workers and educators; closing the education and health gap; and addressing the needs of special populations. Toward Equity in Health is an essential book for all who are working toward global health equity-whether in health education, health promotion, disease prevention, public health, the health care delivery system, or patient- and population level health.


Global Health Informatics

Global Health Informatics
Author: Leo Anthony G. Celi
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 465
Release: 2017-04-21
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0262533200

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Key concepts, frameworks, examples, and lessons learned in designing and implementing health information and communication technology systems in the developing world. The widespread usage of mobile phones that bring computational power and data to our fingertips has enabled new models for tracking and battling disease. The developing world in particular has become a proving ground for innovation in eHealth (using communication and technology tools in healthcare) and mHealth (using the affordances of mobile technology in eHealth systems). In this book, experts from a variety of disciplines—among them computer science, medicine, public health, policy, and business—discuss key concepts, frameworks, examples, and lessons learned in designing and implementing digital health systems in the developing world. The contributors consider such topics as global health disparities and quality of care; aligning eHealth strategies with government policy; the role of monitoring and evaluation in improving care; databases, patient registries, and electronic health records; the lifecycle of a digital health system project; software project management; privacy and security; and evaluating health technology systems.


An Introduction to Global Health Delivery

An Introduction to Global Health Delivery
Author: Joia Mukherjee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 417
Release: 2021-10-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0197607276

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In the last two decades, the rise of global health studies at universities across the world reflects the interest of a growing generation of students motivated to be involved in progressive global change. Grassroots advocacy for health equity and strong leadership in the global South have catalyzed a paradigm shift from primarily preventative health programs to holistic systems providing health care as a human right. To succeed in this field, students must not only understand the elements needed to deliver equitable health care but also the historical and social factors that cause and propagate health disparities. An Introduction to Global Health Delivery, Second Edition is an immersive introduction to global health's origins, actors, interventions, and challenges from the ongoing impacts of racism to the momentum for the delivery of care that began with the AIDS movement through to the current era of COVID-19. Informed by physician Joia Mukherjee's quarter-century of experience fighting disease and poverty in more than a dozen countries, it delivers a clear-eyed overview of the movement underway to address injustice, reduce global health disparities, and deliver health care as a human right. This second edition extends the lens of global health delivery to address the challenges of COVID-19 and the prevention of future pandemics. It features updated chapters exploring pandemics, preparedness, and the intersection of key social movements with the right to health care, including Black Lives Matter, decolonization, and climate justice. Enriched with case studies and exercises that encourage readers to think critically about equitable global health delivery, An Introduction to Global Health Delivery, Second Edition is the essential starting point for readers of any background seeking a practical grounding in global health's promise and progress.