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Hitler, Germans, and the "Jewish Question"

Hitler, Germans, and the
Author: Sarah Ann Gordon
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 434
Release: 1984-03-21
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 9780691101620

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Errata slip inserted. Includes index. Bibliography: p. 389-405.


German as a Jewish Problem

German as a Jewish Problem
Author: Marc Volovici
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Total Pages: 411
Release: 2020-07-14
Genre: History
ISBN: 1503613100

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The German language holds an ambivalent and controversial place in the modern history of European Jews, representing different—often conflicting—historical currents. It was the language of the German classics, of German Jewish writers and scientists, of Central European Jewish culture, and of Herzl and the Zionist movement. But it was also the language of Hitler, Goebbels, and the German guards in Nazi concentration camps. The crucial role of German in the formation of Jewish national culture and politics in the late nineteenth century has been largely overshadowed by the catastrophic events that befell Jews under Nazi rule. German as a Jewish Problem tells the Jewish history of the German language, focusing on Jewish national movements in Central and Eastern Europe and Palestine/Israel. Marc Volovici considers key writers and activists whose work reflected the multilingual nature of the Jewish national sphere and the centrality of the German language within it, and argues that it is impossible to understand the histories of modern Hebrew and Yiddish without situating them in relation to German. This book offers a new understanding of the language problem in modern Jewish history, turning to German to illuminate the questions and dilemmas that largely defined the experience of European Jews in the age of nationalism.


German Question/Jewish Question

German Question/Jewish Question
Author: Paul Lawrence Rose
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 416
Release: 2014-07-14
Genre: History
ISBN: 140086111X

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In this compelling narrative of antisemitism in German thought, Paul Rose proposes a fresh view of the topic. Beginning with an examination of the attitudes of Martin Luther, he challenges distinctions between theologically derived (medieval) and secular, "racial" (modern) antisemitism, arguing that there is an unbroken chain of antisemitic feeling between the two periods. Originally published in 1990. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.


On The Jewish Question

On The Jewish Question
Author: Karl Marx
Publisher: No Pledge Publishing
Total Pages: 194
Release:
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

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“On The Jewish Question” (OTJQ) was written by Karl Marx and exposes his anti-Semitism. The complete work is here in its entirety for your analysis. It was an inspiration to Adolf Hitler. OTJQ and other work (e.g. the term “Aryan” used by Marx repeatedly in his “Ethnological Notebooks”) were the same ideas that motivated Hitler to gain power in Germany. Top mind-blowing discoveries of the 21st Century were revealed by Marx and his OTJQ (thanks to the academic critique of Professor Rex Curry). Many revelations came to light years after Marx’s death. Some are enumerated in the following paragraphs. For example, the following facts (with credit to Dr. Curry) will be news to most readers: 1. Marx’s anti-Semitism (and his Christian background) inspired Hitler’s anti-Semitism and Hitler’s use of Christian cross symbolism including the SWASTIKA (the Hakenkreuz or “hooked cross”); Iron Cross; Balkenkreuz; Krückenkreuz; and the common Christian cross. The symbols signified commonality with Marx’s opposition to Judaism, and they promoted Christianity as the “alternative” thereto. The Swastika was also used to represent “S” letter shapes for “SOCIALISM” (Marx’s underlying dogma). 2. NEW SWASTIKA DISCOVERY: Hitler’s symbol is the reason why Hitler renamed his political party from DAP to NSDAP - "National Socialist German Workers Party" - because he needed the word "Socialist" in his party's name so that Hitler could use swastikas as "S"-letter shaped logos for "SOCIALIST" as the party's emblem. The party's name had to fit in Hitler's socialist branding campaign that used the swastika and many other similar alphabetical symbols, including the “NSV" and "SA” and “SS” and “VW” etc. 3. NEW LENIN’S SWASTIKA REVELATION: Vladimir Lenin’s swastika is exposed herein. The impact of Lenin’s swastikas was reinforced at that time with additional swastikas on ruble money (paper currency) under Soviet socialism. The swastika became a symbol of socialism under Lenin. It’s influence upon Adolf Hitler is explained in this book. Lenin’s Christian background was similar to Marx’s. Marx’s anti-Semitism (and his religious upbringing) inspired Lenin’s anti-Semitism and the use of the SWASTIKA as Christian cross symbolism after 1917. The swastika symbol signified commonality with Marx’s opposition to Judaism. Judaism was banned by Soviet socialists. Under Lenin, the Russian Orthodox Church remained powerful (then Stalin became tyrant in 1922). The Swastika was also used to represent “S” letter shapes for “SOCIALISM” (Marx’s underlying dogma). 4. Marx, Hitler and their supporters self-identified as “socialists” by the very word in voluminous speeches and writings. The term "Socialist" appears throughout Mein Kampf as a self-description by Hitler. (Marx also used the term “Communist”). 5. Hitler was heavily influenced by Marx. Many socialists in the USA were also shaped by Marx. Two famous American socialists (the cousins Edward Bellamy and Francis Bellamy) were heavily influenced by Marx. The American socialists returned the favor: Francis Bellamy created the “Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag” that produced Nazi salutes and Nazi behavior. The Bellamy cousins were American national socialists. 6. Hitler never called himself a "Nazi." There was no “Nazi Germany.” There was no “Nazi Party.” 7. Hitler never called himself a “Fascist.” Modern socialists use “Nazi” and “Fascist” to hide how Hitler and his comrades self-identified: SOCIALIST. 9. The term “Nazi” isn’t in "Mein Kampf" nor in "Triumph of the Will." 10. The term “Fascist” never appears in Mein Kampf as a self-description by Hitler. 11. The term “swastika” never appears in the original Mein Kampf. 12. There is no evidence that Hitler ever used the word “swastika.” 13. The symbol that Hitler did use was intended to represent “S”-letter shapes for “socialist.” 14. Hitler altered his own signature to show his “S-shapes for socialism” logo branding.


The Scientification of the "Jewish Question" in Nazi Germany

The Scientification of the
Author: Horst Junginger
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 468
Release: 2017-03-20
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 9004341889

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The Scientification of the "Jewish Question" in Nazi Germany describes the attempt of a considerable number of German scholars to counter the vanishing influence of religious prejudices against the Jews with a new antisemitic rationale. As anti-Jewish stereotypes of an old-fashioned soteriological kind had become dysfunctional under the pressure of secularization, a new, more objective explanation was needed to justify the age-old danger of Judaism in the present. In the 1930s a new research field called “Judenforschung” (Jew research) emerged. Its leading figures amalgamated racial and religious features to verify the existence of an everlasting “Jewish problem”. Along with that they offered scholarly concepts for its solution.


The 'Jewish Question' in German Literature, 1749-1939

The 'Jewish Question' in German Literature, 1749-1939
Author: Ritchie Robertson
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Total Pages: 550
Release: 2001-10-18
Genre: Literary Criticism
ISBN: 0191584312

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The Jewish Question in German Literature, 1749-1939 is an erudite and searching literary study of the uneasy position of the Jews in Germany and Austria from the first pleas for Jewish emancipation during the Enlightenment to the eve of the Holocaust. Trying to avoid hindsight, and drawing on a wide range of literary texts, Ritchie Robertson offers a close examination of attempts to construct a Jewish identity suitable for an increasingly secular world. He examines both literary portrayals of Jews by Gentile writers - whether antisemitic, friendly, or ambivalent - and efforts to reinvent Jewish identities by the Jews themselves, in response to antisemitism culminating in Zionism. No other study by a single author deals with German-Jewish relations so comprehensively and over such a long period of literary history. Robertson's new work will prove stimulating for anyone interested in the modern Jewish experience, as well as for scholars and students of German fiction, prose, and political culture.


The European Left and the Jewish Question, 1848-1992

The European Left and the Jewish Question, 1848-1992
Author: Alessandra Tarquini
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2021-07-02
Genre: History
ISBN: 3030566625

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This book examines how left-wing political and cultural movements in Western Europe have considered Jews in the last two hundred years. The chapters seek to answer the following question: has there been a specific way in which the Left has considered Jewish minorities? The subject has taken various shapes in the different geographical contexts, influenced by national specificities. In tandem, this volume demonstrates the extent to which left-wing movements share common trends drawn from a collective repertoire of representations and meanings. Highlighting the different aspects of the subject matter, the chapters in this book are divided in three parts, each dedicated to a major theme: the contribution of the theorists of Socialism to the Jewish Question; Antisemitism and its representations in left-wing culture; and the perception of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Taken together, these three themes allow for a multidisciplinary analysis of the relationship between the Left and Jews from the second half of the nineteenth century to recent times.


The Future of the German-Jewish Past

The Future of the German-Jewish Past
Author: Gideon Reuveni
Publisher: Purdue University Press
Total Pages: 313
Release: 2020-12-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 1557537291

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Germany’s acceptance of its direct responsibility for the Holocaust has strengthened its relationship with Israel and has led to a deep commitment to combat antisemitism and rebuild Jewish life in Germany. As we draw close to a time when there will be no more firsthand experience of the horrors of the Holocaust, there is great concern about what will happen when German responsibility turns into history. Will the present taboo against open antisemitism be lifted as collective memory fades? There are alarming signs of the rise of the far right, which includes blatantly antisemitic elements, already visible in public discourse. The evidence is unmistakable—overt antisemitism is dramatically increasing once more. The Future of the German-Jewish Past deals with the formidable challenges created by these developments. It is conceptualized to offer a variety of perspectives and views on the question of the future of the German-Jewish past. The volume addresses topics such as antisemitism, Holocaust memory, historiography, and political issues relating to the future relationship between Jews, Israel, and Germany. While the central focus of this volume is Germany, the implications go beyond the German-Jewish experience and relate to some of the broader challenges facing modern societies today.


Marx: Early Political Writings

Marx: Early Political Writings
Author: Karl Marx
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 234
Release: 1994-06-24
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780521349949

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A newly translated selection of Marx's early political writings.


Germany and the Jewish Question

Germany and the Jewish Question
Author: Friederich Wiehe
Publisher:
Total Pages: 126
Release: 2014-09-04
Genre:
ISBN: 9781501067372

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First published by the Institute for the Study of the Jewish Question in Berlin in 1938, this book became the standard work which set out to explain the policies of National Socialist Germany to the outside world. Starting with the time of the first anti-Jewish riots in Alexandria to the Age of Enlightenment, this work shows how host nations have attempted to welcome and assimilate Jewish immigrants-but that these attempts have always ended in anti-Semitism caused by Jewish behavior. It then moves on to a discussion of Jewish influence in Germany, starting with a detailed breakdown of Jewish numbers and areas of concentration with the 1871-1919 borders of Germany. In seven sections it explains how Jews: - Dominated the German economy, - Were the most financially corrupt element in pre-1933 Germany, - Dominated the far left, socialist and revolutionary parties, ran the militant movements and were behind the numerous armed attempts to create a Soviet Germany, - Controlled the mainstream political parties during the interwar years, - Controlled the press in Germany, - Dominated German culture-including the literary, film and stage worlds, - Dominated the underworld of sexual and immoral degeneracy which characterized the "Weimar" years, and - Made up the lion's share of organized criminality in Weimar Germany. Finally, this book provides the answer to the "two thousand year-old problem"-namely that a Jewish homeland is necessary-but not in Palestine, which this work presciently predicts will never be a secure Jewish state because it will cause too much trouble with the Arab world. This new edition contains 158 annotations and 38 illustrations which will bring the present-day reader completely up-to-date with all major personages and events mentioned in this work. "Germany had shown herself more accessible to the absorption of Jews than many other countries had done ... All barriers had been taken down, all restrictions abolished, all spheres of activity opened unreservedly to the Jews-nay, leading positions were assigned to them even in those domains which were of the most vital importance for national life. "The Jews, who numbered less than 1% of the total population of Germany, occupied the key posts in German industry. Political leadership was to a large extent in their hands. The Press and cultural life in general were predominantly under their influence. Their aggregate income exceeded that of the 99% remaining inhabitants by over one-third. "But the Jews consistently ignored the rules of fair play as far as their credulous German partner was concerned. The overwhelming majority of them never desired to be merged in the German nation, because they were aware of the fact that their racial dissimilarity constituted an insuperable obstacle to assimilation. "During the years of great tribulation they never hesitated to betray Germany, and to shamelessly misuse the opportunities afforded them in such abundance for their own egoistical purposes and interests. Defeatism and treason, political degradation and economic corruption, moral depravity, the debasement of all national and religious values-these were the outstanding features of a Germany dominated by the alien Jewish race. Germany had to pay dearly for the illusion that it is possible to solve the Jewish question by means of a generous effort to assimilate the Jews. She had reckoned without a factor of decisive importance: namely, the congenital, ingrained, boundless ingratitude of the Jewish race."