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From Molecules to Living Organisms: An Interplay Between Biology and Physics

From Molecules to Living Organisms: An Interplay Between Biology and Physics
Author: Eva Pebay-Peyroula
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 463
Release: 2016-01-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0191067253

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The book gathers lecture notes of courses given at the 2014 summer school on integrated biology in Les Houches, France, Session CII. It addresses an emerging field ranging from molecules to cells and to organisms. Through examples it presents a new way of thinking using a combination of interdisciplinary and cutting-edge methods, bridging physics and biology beyond current biophysics. Important novel developments are expected in the coming years that may well introduce paradigm shifts in biological science. The school had the ambition to prepare participants to become major actors in these breakthroughs. The power of integrated approaches is illustrated through two cases: interactions between viruses and host cells, and flower development. The role of forces in biology, as well as their mathematical modeling, is illustrated in both processes: how they allow flower organs to emerge or how they control membrane fusion during virus budding. The book also underlines the importance of conformational changes and dynamics of proteins particularly during membrane processes. It explains how membrane proteins can be handled and studied by molecular simulations. Finally, the book also contains concepts in cell biology, in thermodynamics and several novel approaches such as in-cell NMR. Altogether, the chapters show how examining a biological system from different viewpoints based on multidisciplinary aspects often leads to enriching controversial arguments.


From Molecules to Living Organisms: an Interplay Between Biology and Physics

From Molecules to Living Organisms: an Interplay Between Biology and Physics
Author: Eva Pebay-Peyroula
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 463
Release: 2016
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0198752954

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The aim of this title is to familiarise the new generation of PhD students and postdoctoral fellows with the principles and methods of modern lattice field theory, which aims to resolve fundamental, non-perturbative questions about QCD without uncontrolled approximations.


Research at the Intersection of the Physical and Life Sciences

Research at the Intersection of the Physical and Life Sciences
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 122
Release: 2010-03-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309147514

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Traditionally, the natural sciences have been divided into two branches: the biological sciences and the physical sciences. Today, an increasing number of scientists are addressing problems lying at the intersection of the two. These problems are most often biological in nature, but examining them through the lens of the physical sciences can yield exciting results and opportunities. For example, one area producing effective cross-discipline research opportunities centers on the dynamics of systems. Equilibrium, multistability, and stochastic behavior-concepts familiar to physicists and chemists-are now being used to tackle issues associated with living systems such as adaptation, feedback, and emergent behavior. Research at the Intersection of the Physical and Life Sciences discusses how some of the most important scientific and societal challenges can be addressed, at least in part, by collaborative research that lies at the intersection of traditional disciplines, including biology, chemistry, and physics. This book describes how some of the mysteries of the biological world are being addressed using tools and techniques developed in the physical sciences, and identifies five areas of potentially transformative research. Work in these areas would have significant impact in both research and society at large by expanding our understanding of the physical world and by revealing new opportunities for advancing public health, technology, and stewardship of the environment. This book recommends several ways to accelerate such cross-discipline research. Many of these recommendations are directed toward those administering the faculties and resources of our great research institutions-and the stewards of our research funders, making this book an excellent resource for academic and research institutions, scientists, universities, and federal and private funding agencies.


Molecular and Biological Physics of Living Systems

Molecular and Biological Physics of Living Systems
Author: R.K. Mishra
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400918909

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The living organisms and systems possess extraordinary properties of programmed development, differentiation, growth, response, movement, duplication of key molecules and in m any cases higher mental functions. But the organisms are physical objects so they must follow laws of physics yet they do not seem to obey them. Physicists cannot easily persuade themselves to accept this as finally true. Non-living objects are governed by these laws of physics and they can explain these properties. However, in the living systems too phenomena encountered like coupled non-linear interactions, manybody effects, cooperativity, coherence, phase transitions, reversible metastable states are being understood better with the aid of powerful theoretical and experimental techniques and hope is raised that these may let us understand the mysteriousness of life. Contributors to this volume are a small fraction of rapidly growing scientific opinion that these aspects of living bodies are to be expected in a hitherto inadequately suspected state of matter which is in the main directed by these physical properties pushed almost to limit. This state of matter, the living matter, deserves to be called The Living State. Mishra proposes that given hydrogenic orbitals, atoms showing easy hybridisability and multiple valances, molecules with low-lying electronic levels, "loosestructure", and a metabolic pump in thermodynamically open system, various fundamental properties of living state can emerge automatically. Structurally these are all known to be present.


The Way of the Cell

The Way of the Cell
Author: Franklin M. Harold
Publisher:
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2003
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0195163389

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Schrodinger's riddle -- The quality of life -- Cells in nature and in theory -- Molecular logic -- A (almost) comprehensible cell -- It takes a cell to make a cell -- Morphogenesis: where form and function meet -- The advance of the microbes -- By descent with modification -- So what is life? -- Searching for the beginning.


Concepts of Biology

Concepts of Biology
Author: Samantha Fowler
Publisher:
Total Pages: 618
Release: 2018-01-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789888407453

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Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.


Physics And Biology: From Molecules To Life

Physics And Biology: From Molecules To Life
Author: Jean-francois Allemand
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 199
Release: 2014-10-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9814616494

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Do you often lose your keys? You will find in this book the best strategy to find them, or at least the one deduced from statistical physics. What is the link with biology? Some proteins use the same strategy to find their target inside a living cell. This example illustrates one of the many links between physics and biology. These links result from an intense research activity in the past years at the interface between those two disciplines. This book describes some of the most recent progresses at this interface: from instrumental progresses used in biology to the mechanical description of a cell, to molecular motors, from brain activity mechanisms to auditory or sensory perception. Many fields are covered from the molecular to the scale at the organ level. A few biological notions are presented in the first chapter that may help to access the biological aspects of the others. In the end this book may interest people passionate in science, from the simple amateur to the advanced researcher level.


From Molecules to Organisms

From Molecules to Organisms
Author: Alexander Poletaev
Publisher:
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2020
Genre: Biology
ISBN: 9781536175516

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What is a Life? How did it appear? What principles underlie its functioning? Similar questions have accompanied man since birth. People of all ages have tried to answer these questions on the basis of the maturity of the available knowledge and techniques. This is why the theory of evolution preserves, even in modern science, a central role, embracing all the spheres of biology, physics and medicine. The modern concept of evolution is extremely simple; nevertheless, many scientists still show great difficulties in incorporating and integrating this concept into their work. One of the main errors is the assumption that the different species developed along an "evolutionary scale", from bacteria to animals, more or less complex, up to man, which would therefore represent the apex of evolution. Most people, who wish to and are living a long life remaining active and cheerful until old age, are increasingly seeking doctors' help. What is health? Some believe that it is the absence of diseases and physical defects. For some, it is a state of physical, mental and social well-being. However, despite the different definitions of this concept, everyone agrees that health is a leading factor in determining the quality of our lives. Health is influenced by many factors. Some of them improve health others worsen it (risk factors). Some experts have compiled a list of the main factors affecting health and given an indicative assessment of the degree of importance of each of them. This includes lifestyle, environmental influences, quality of medical care and heredity. A physician who regularly observes a given individual has to face challenges that modern medicine hasn't sufficiently researched and developed, assess the individual risk of developing a disease, identify early markers of change leading to disease development and individually select the corrective actions. It should be noted that one of the most important conditions for long-term preservation of health is the development of methods from the earliest possible diagnosis of diseases at the preclinical stage. This book combines the experience of clinical and laboratory research as well as some basic philosophy ideas of a group of scientists who, starting from an individual point of view, were able to synthesize and make available to other colleagues a new way of view of human organism and explaining the events that can trigger pathological conditions, including cancer, autism, diabetes and other chronical diseases.


Physics and Biology

Physics and Biology
Author: M Volkenstein
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 175
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323160735

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Physics and Biology demonstrates the unlimited possibilities of physics in explaining a variety of biological phenomena. It explores developments in biophysics and the most general problems of biological thermodynamics, information theory, and the physical theory of biological development and how they are all connected with the biophysics of complicated systems. Organized into 13 chapters, this volume begins with a historical overview of biophysics, with emphasis on molecular biophysics, followed by a discussion of the biophysics of the cell and of complicated systems. It then introduces the reader to the physical basis of theoretical chemistry and biologically functional substances, with emphasis on some concepts that are necessary for the understanding of molecular biophysics. The next chapters focus on some properties of biopolymers such as proteins and nucleic acids, how molecules interact with each other, and the peculiarities of macromolecules. More specifically, the molecules of organic substances, the chemical reaction involved in molecular interactions, van der Waals forces, and the role of hydrogen bonds in biological processes are considered. The final chapter analyzes the physicochemical basis of the functions of biological molecules. This book will be a valuable resource for physicists, biologists, chemists, natural scientists, and anyone who wants help in tackling some important biophysics-related problems in the contemporary natural sciences.