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| Author | : Hao Ying |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : John Ford Rushing |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) laboratory mixture design is intended to provide a durable, rut-resistant mixture for a given traffic type. Current mixture design procedures using the Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC) rely on volumetric properties of the compacted mixture to assure reliable performance; however, a definitive performance test does not exist. This study provides guidance for selecting a laboratory performance test for airport HMA mixture designs based on; (a) data analyses of results from four potential laboratory tests, (b) comparisons of laboratory tests results to full-scale accelerated pavement test results, and (c) analyses of results from finite element simulations. The laboratory study evaluated of the repeated load test, the static creep test, the dynamic modulus test, and the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) test as potential performance tests to accompany airport HMA mixture design with a goal of providing acceptable threshold test results that predict rutting performance under aircraft traffic. Over 340 specimens were tested from 34 asphalt mixtures. Specific criteria for each test method were developed. Next, the test methods and criteria were applied to an HMA mixture design selected for accelerated pavement testing. The full-scale tests applied wheel loads that simulated both military fighter aircraft and heavy cargo aircraft traffic to a pavement constructed to meet typical airport design standards. In the first test, simulating fighter jet aircraft, the tire inflation pressure was 2241 kPa, and the pavement temperature was maintained at 43°C. The second test, simulating cargo aircraft, used a tire inflation pressure of 980 kPa and a pavement temperature of 25°C. As expected, rutting was much more severe in the first test. The full-scale tests were then simulated computationally using finite element modeling. The asphalt layer was modeled using the nonlinear viscoelastic, viscoplastic components of the Pavement Analysis Using Nonlinear Damage Approach (PANDA) model. The pavement sections and wheel loads from the field-tests were recreated using two-dimensional simulations within ABAQUS. The simulations resulted in very high rates of viscoplastic strain for the conditions of the first test, but almost no permanent deformation in the second test. Finally, recommendations for implementing APA criteria into airfield HMA mixture design are presented. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152715
| Author | : |
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| Total Pages | : 17 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Quality of asphalt mix (HMA) is one of the main factors that affects the flexible pavement performance. Use of poor quality mix and finding their consequences through pavement performance evaluation is often too costly. Therefore, the remedy is to evaluate the quality of the mix at the design stage of a project. In recent years, performance-based testing has gained popularity so that problematic mixes can be identified and eliminated. Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) has been successfully used in recent years for evaluation of permanent deformation or rutting in both hot mix and cold mix asphalt specimens. In view of layered pavement systems encountered in practice, three-dimensional finite element models (FEM) can be used to relate the APA test results with the in-service performance of the pavement. The primary objectives of this study are to develop a finite element model to simulate the laboratory testing of asphalt mixes in APA for rutting and to relate the test results to basic material properties. For the covering abstract of this conference see ITRD number E211395.
| Author | : Ludomir Uzarowski |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2007 |
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| Author | : Louay Nadhim Mohammad |
| Publisher | : ASTM International |
| Total Pages | : 216 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Anisotropy |
| ISBN | : 0803134959 |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 116 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Compacting |
| ISBN | : |
Compaction is the process of reducing the volume of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) by the application of external forces. As a result of compaction, the volume of air voids decreases, aggregate interlock increases, and interparticle friction increases. The quality of field compaction of HMA is one of the most important elements influencing asphalt pavement performance. Poor compaction has been associated with asphalt bleeding in hot weather, moisture damage, excessive aging and associated cracking, and premature permanent deformation. This study was conducted to develop a model within the context of a thermomechanical framework for the compaction of asphalt mixtures. The asphalt mixture was modeled as a nonlinear compressible material exhibiting time-dependent properties. A numerical scheme based on finite elements was employed to solve the equations governing compaction mechanisms. The material model was implemented in the Computer Aided Pavement Analysis (CAPA-3D) finite-element (FE) package. Due to the difficulty of conducting tests on the mixture at the compaction temperature, a procedure was developed to determine the model's parameters from the analysis of the Superpave® gyratory compaction curves. A number of mixtures were compacted in the Superpave® gyratory compactor using an angle of 1.25 degrees in order to determine the model's parameters. Consequently, the model was used to predict the compaction curves of mixtures compacted using a 2-degree angle of gyration. The model compared reasonably well with the compaction curves. FE simulations of the compaction of several pavement sections were conducted in this study. The results demonstrated the potential of the material model to represent asphalt mixture field compaction. The developed model is a useful tool for simulating the compaction of asphalt mixtures under laboratory and field conditions. In addition, it can be used to determine the influence of various material properties and mixture designs on the model's parameters and mixture compactability.
| Author | : A.F. Nikolaides |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 716 |
| Release | : 2019-05-24 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1351063251 |
Highway engineers are facing the challenge not only to design and construct sustainable and safe pavements properly and economically. This implies a thorough understanding of materials behaviour, their appropriate use in the continuously changing environment, and implementation of constantly improved technologies and methodologies. Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VII contains more than 100 contributions that were presented at the 7th International Conference ‘Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements’ (7ICONFBMP, Thessaloniki, Greece 12-14 June 2019). The papers cover a wide range of topics: - Bituminous binders - Aggregates, unbound layers and subgrade - Bituminous mixtures (Hot, Warm and Cold) - Pavements (Design, Construction, Maintenance, Sustainability, Energy and environment consideration) - Pavement management - Pavement recycling - Geosynthetics - Pavement assessment, surface characteristics and safety - Posters Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VII reflects recent advances in highway materials technology and pavement engineering, and will be of interest to academics and professionals interested or involved in these areas.
| Author | : American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |
| Publisher | : AASHTO |
| Total Pages | : 622 |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : Pavements |
| ISBN | : 1560510552 |
Design related project level pavement management - Economic evaluation of alternative pavement design strategies - Reliability / - Pavement design procedures for new construction or reconstruction : Design requirements - Highway pavement structural design - Low-volume road design / - Pavement design procedures for rehabilitation of existing pavements : Rehabilitation concepts - Guides for field data collection - Rehabilitation methods other than overlay - Rehabilitation methods with overlays / - Mechanistic-empirical design procedures.
| Author | : Saradhi Koneru |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Hot mix asphalt (HMA) is a composite material that exhibits a nonlinear response that is dependent on temperature, type of loading and strain level. The properties of HMA are highly influenced by the type and amount of the constituents used and also depend on its internal structure. In such a material the variable effects of the compaction process assume a central importance in determining material performance. It is generally accepted that the theoretical knowledge about material behavior during compaction is limited and it is therefore hard to predict and manage (the effect of) a compaction process. This work makes an attempt to address such a specific need by developing a continuum model that can be adapted for simulating the compaction of hot mix asphalt (HMA) using the notion of multiple natural configurations. A thermodynamic framework is employed to study the non-linear dissipative response associated with HMA by specifying the forms for the stored energy and the rate of dissipation function for the material; a viscoelastic compressible fluid model is developed using this framework to model the compaction of hot mix asphalt. It is further anticipated that the present work will aid in the development of better constitutive models capable of capturing the mechanics of processes like compaction both in the laboratory and in the field. The continuum model developed was implemented in the finite element method, which was employed to setup a simulation environment for hot mix asphalt compaction. The finite element method was used for simulating compaction in the laboratory and in various field compaction projects.
| Author | : Jingsong Chen |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 178 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Asphalt mixture compaction is an important procedure of asphalt mixture construction and can significantly affect the performance of asphalt pavement. Many laboratory compaction methods (or devices), have been developed to study the asphalt mixture compaction. Nevertheless, the whole process from the selection of aggregate to laboratory compaction is still time-consuming and requires significant human and material resources. In order to better understand asphalt mixture compaction, some researchers began to use finite element method (FEM) to study and analyze mixture compaction. However, FEM is a continuum approach and lacks the ability to take into account the slippage and interlocking of aggregates during compaction. Discrete Element Method (DEM) is a discontinuum analysis method, which can simulate the deformation process of joint systems or discrete particle assembly under quasi-static and dynamic condition. Therefore, it can overcome the shortcomings of FEM and is a more effective tool than FEM to simulate asphalt mixture compaction. In this study, an open source 3D DEM code implemented with the C++ programming language was modified and applied to simulate the compaction of hot-mix asphalt (HMA). A viscoelastic contact model was developed in the DEM code and was verified through comparison with well established analytical solutions. The input parameters of the newly developed contact model were obtained through nonlinear regression analysis of dynamic modulus test results. Two commonly used compaction methods (Superpave gyratory compaction and asphalt vibratory compaction) and one linear kneading compaction based on APA machine were simulated using the DEM code, and the DEM compaction models were verified through the comparison between the DEM predicted results and the laboratory measured test results. The air voids distribution within the asphalt specimens was also analyzed by post processing virtual DEM compaction digital specimens and the level of heterogeneity of the air void distribution within the specimens in the vertical and lateral directions was studied. The DEM simulation results in this study were in a relatively good agreement with the experimental data and previous research results, which demonstrates that the DEM is a feasible method to simulate asphalt mixture compaction under different loading conditions and, with further research, it could be a potentially helpful tool for asphalt mix design by reducing the number of physical compactions in the laboratory.
