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The Development of Local Capital Markets

The Development of Local Capital Markets
Author: Mr.Luc Laeven
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 25
Release: 2014-12-19
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498372201

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Capital markets can improve risk sharing and the efficiency with which capital is allocated to the real economy, boosting economic growth and welfare. However, despite these potential benefits, not all countries have well developed capital markets. Moreover, government-led initiatives to develop local capital markets have had mixed success. This paper reviews the literature on the benefits and costs of developing local capital markets, and describes the challenges faced in the development of such markets. The paper concludes with a set of policy recommendations emerging from this literature.


The Role of Long Term Finance

The Role of Long Term Finance
Author: Gerard Caprio
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 38
Release: 1997
Genre: Crecimiento economico
ISBN:

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Credit Rating and the Impact on Capital Structure

Credit Rating and the Impact on Capital Structure
Author: Christian Kronwald
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 73
Release: 2010-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3640575490

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Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,3, University of Hohenheim (Lehrstuhl für Bankwirtschaft und Finanzdienstleistungen), language: English, abstract: The question about capital structure is one of the most important issues which the management of a company faces in implementing their daily business. Therefore, the question of which factors affect capital structure decisions attracts high attention in the past and recent literature on capital structure. There are many papers providing valuable insights into capital structure choices, starting with the paper of Modigliani and Miller (1958). The MM-Theorem is generally considered a purely theoretical result since it ignores important factors in the capital structure decision like bank-ruptcy costs, taxes, agency costs and information asymmetry. Based on this paper many other theories which consider factors neglected by Modigliani and Miller have been evolved. Two major theories are the Tradeoff- and the Pecking-Order-Theory. The former loosens assumptions stated in the MM-Theorem by including bankruptcy costs and taxes while the latter introduces information asymmetry into the capital structure discussion. Chapter 2.1 will give a brief overview of these theories. For complexity reasons these models cannot capture all relevant factors affecting the capital structure policy of a company. However, all these theories disregard one cru-cial factor which plays an important role on capital markets all over the world. The significance of Credit Ratings is gradually increasing, and it is doing so in many re-spects. This paper focuses on the Credit Rating-Capital Structure-Hypotheses (CRCS) developed by Darren J. Kisgen as a modern approach to the capital structure discussion. The hypothesis argues that credit ratings have an impact on capital struc-ture decisions due to discrete costs (benefits) associated with a rating change. Firstly,


Creditworthiness Analysis. Instruments and Methods

Creditworthiness Analysis. Instruments and Methods
Author: Paul Sogrin
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 33
Release: 2018-12-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3668855285

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Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Saarbrücken, language: English, abstract: The following seminar papter superficially analyses the topic of creditworthiness analysis in order to provide the reader with the respective basics in regard to the topic. Finance is one of the main fields within the economics and the cornerstone both for the domestic and global businesses. Finance studies and investigates the opportunities in which individuals and enterprises source, allocate and use monetary funds and resources over time, considering the risks and the monetary developments such as inflation. It is a discipline that provides the monetary basis and structure for every kind of business. Finance is one the most path breaking and strategically essential business sectors. In order to comprehend the finance and the financial structure of the company an individual or a manager has to be capable to conceive the complete business structure of the enterprise. The importance of finance for the international and local business environment but also for private persons is therefore crucial. It is important to mention that finance is a very manifold doctrine with diverse variations, manifestations and a long historical development. Because of the previous mentioned manifoldness of finance it should be consequently said that there is a massive amount of strategies to manage and to acquire the necessary financial or monetary basis either for a corporate or for a private need. One of the most common and popular possibilities to acquire money for financing an investment, to pay the corporate debts or for the private purposes of a person, is to apply for a credit. Following to this fact it is relevant to emphasize that the credit-granting process is a very specific and complex procedure. The complexity of this process could be explained by different economic and political reasons. In order to maintain the stability of the financial markets, to protect the money-granting institutions or persons and the whole economic environment a credit cannot be granted without any guarantee and safeness for the back-paying. Henceforth the credit providing institutions and authorities use an analysis with the task to control the creditworthiness of credit users. The creditworthiness analysis was created within decades, shaped by different cultures and nations, affected by historical and economic mistakes and crises.


Asset Prices, Booms and Recessions

Asset Prices, Booms and Recessions
Author: Willi Semmler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 327
Release: 2011-06-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3642206808

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The financial market melt-down of the years 2007-2009 has posed great challenges for studies on financial economics. This financial economics text focuses on the dynamic interaction of financial markets and economic activity. The financial market to be studied here encompasses the money and bond market, credit market, stock market and foreign exchange market; economic activity includes the actions and interactions of firms, banks, households, governments and countries. The book shows how economic activity affects asset prices and the financial market, and how asset prices and financial market volatility and crises impact economic activity. The book offers extensive coverage of new and advanced topics in financial economics such as the term structure of interest rates, credit derivatives and credit risk, domestic and international portfolio theory, multi-agent and evolutionary approaches, capital asset pricing beyond consumption-based models, and dynamic portfolio decisions. Moreover a completely new section of the book is dedicated to the recent financial market meltdown of the years 2007-2009. Emphasis is placed on empirical evidence relating to episodes of financial instability and financial crises in the U.S. and in Latin American, Asian and Euro-area countries. Overall, the book explains what researchers and practitioners in the financial sector need to know about the financial-real interaction, and what practitioners and policy makers need to know about the financial market.


Stock Markets, Investments And Corporate Behavior: A Conceptual Framework Of Understanding

Stock Markets, Investments And Corporate Behavior: A Conceptual Framework Of Understanding
Author: Michael Joseph Dempsey
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 332
Release: 2015-10-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1783267011

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Stock Markets, Investments and Corporate Behavior examines the nature of stock market growth and decline, the function of financial markets, and their implications for commercial companies. Traditionally, finance academics have attempted to understand financial markets and commercial companies as physicists approach their subject matter: with a set of laws in mind that govern the field. But finance is not physics. The academic's approach falsely assumes that financial markets can be understood as systems within which self-interested maximizers behave in logical ways that are coordinated by the invisible hand of the price mechanism. This book demonstrates that finance is more appropriately understood as a field in which investors and finance managers may or may not use rational calculations as the basis of their decision making.This book opens with an effective dismantling of the traditional mathematical approach used to understand and describe markets and corporate financial behavior. In its place, the mathematics of growth and decline is developed anew, while holding to the realization that the decisions of organizations rely on the choices of real people with limited information available to them. The book will appeal to all students who wish to reappraise their knowledge of finance in a thoughtful manner. Specifically, this book is designed to appeal to anyone who wishes to refine their understanding of the nature of stock markets and financial growth, optimal portfolio allocation, option pricing, asset valuation, corporate financial behavior, and what it means to be ethical in our financial institutions.