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Safe and Effective Medicines for Children

Safe and Effective Medicines for Children
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 432
Release: 2012-10-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309225493

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The Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act (BPCA) and the Pediatric Research Equity Act (PREA) were designed to encourage more pediatric studies of drugs used for children. The FDA asked the IOM to review aspects of pediatric studies and changes in product labeling that resulted from BPCA and PREA and their predecessor policies, as well as assess the incentives for pediatric studies of biologics and the extent to which biologics have been studied in children. The IOM committee concludes that these policies have helped provide clinicians who care for children with better information about the efficacy, safety, and appropriate prescribing of drugs. The IOM suggests that more can be done to increase knowledge about drugs used by children and thereby improve the clinical care, health, and well-being of the nation's children.


Ethical Issues in Drug Research

Ethical Issues in Drug Research
Author: Michael J. Parnham
Publisher: IOS Press
Total Pages: 184
Release: 1996
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9789051992793

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Tuina or Chinese Therapeutic Massage has made a major contribution over thousands of years to the health of the people of China and neighboring countries. It is an important component of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). As a manual therapy, Tuina is easy to perform, convenient, inexpensive, safe and effective, so it has become more and more popular not only with medical practitioners, but with the patients themselves, both in and out of China. The seventh volume focuses on practical applications of Tuina therapy. It is a broad introduction to the art of Tuina. It gives amongst others a general overview of Tuina including its theory, characteristics, indications, contradictions, and the locations and indications of commonly used points.


Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children

Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 445
Release: 2004-07-09
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309133386

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In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.


Ethical Issues in Clinical Research

Ethical Issues in Clinical Research
Author: Bernard Lo
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Total Pages: 302
Release: 2012-03-28
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1451152779

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This book teaches researchers how to resolve the ethical dilemmas that can arise at any stage in clinical research. In addition to explaining pertinent regulations and laws, Dr. Lo helps investigators understand the gaps and uncertainties in regulations, as well as situations in which merely complying with the law may not fulfill ethical responsibilities. Most chapters include real-life examples that the author walks through, discussing the salient issues and how to approach them. This book can be used in courses on research ethics that are required or encouraged by major National Institutes of Health grants in academic health centers.


Women and Health Research

Women and Health Research
Author: Anna C. Mastroianni
Publisher:
Total Pages: 268
Release: 1994
Genre: Human experimentation in medicine
ISBN:

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Business Ethics of Innovation

Business Ethics of Innovation
Author: Gerd Hanekamp
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2010-11-25
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9783642091407

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Firms generally depend upon innovations in order to achieve advantages on competitive markets, thus also raising societal questions. Business ethics provides a normative framework for balancing the different perspectives, values, and interests at stake. This balance must be achieved both at relevant firm and regulatory levels. Business Ethics of Innovation is thus necessarily an interdisciplinary endeavour. This volume assesses general questions of how business ethics may contribute to adequate innovations and specifically discusses respective case studies in pharmaceutical and IT sectors.


Issues in Medical Research Ethics

Issues in Medical Research Ethics
Author: Jürgen Boomgaarden
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Total Pages: 152
Release: 2003
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9781571816016

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With the advances of medicine, questions of medical ethics have become more urgent and are now considered of great social and political significance. An innovatively designed, activity-based workbook, this text was prepared using papers and case studies collected from several countries in the European Union. It reflects the issues and concerns that confront clinical practitioners throughout Europe and elsewhere today and presents varying national responses in law and policy to these concerns, as identified by ethicists, lawyers, theologians and practitioners. The problems they examine include the relationship between medical research and medical practice, elementary regulations of medical research, the complexity of informed consent, and the role of the sponsor or scientific community.


Rational Therapeutics for Infants and Children

Rational Therapeutics for Infants and Children
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 135
Release: 2000-04-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309183642

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The Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Roundtable on Research and Development of Drugs, Biologics, and Medical Devices evolved from the Forum on Drug Development, which was established in 1986. Sponsor representatives and IOM determined the importance of maintaining a neutral setting for discussions regarding long-term and politically sensitive issues justified the need to revise and enhance past efforts. The new Roundtable is intended to be a mechanism by which a broad group of experts from the public* and private sectors can be convened to conduct a dialogue and exchange information related to the development of drugs, biologics, and medical devices. Members have expertise in clinical medicine, pediatrics, clinical pharmacology, health policy, health insurance, industrial management, and product development; and they represent interests that address all facets of public policy issues. From time to time, the Roundtable requests that a workshop be conducted for the purpose of exploring a specific topic in detail and obtaining the views of additional experts. The first workshop for the Roundtable was held on April 14 and 15, 1998, and was entitled Assuring Data Quality and Validity in Clinical Trials for Regulatory Decision Making. The summary on that workshop is available from IOM. This workshop summary covers the second workshop, which was held on May 24 and 25, 1999, and which was aimed at facilitating the development and proper use of drugs, biologics, and medical devices for infants and children. It explores the scientific underpinnings and clinical needs, as well as the regulatory, legal, and ethical issues, raised by this area of research and development.


Ethics and the Pharmaceutical Industry

Ethics and the Pharmaceutical Industry
Author: Michael A. Santoro
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 528
Release: 2005-10-31
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1139448579

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Despite the pharmaceutical industry's notable contributions to human progress, including the development of miracle drugs for treating cancer, AIDS, and heart disease, there is a growing tension between the industry and the public. Government officials and social critics have questioned whether the multibillion-dollar industry is fulfilling its social responsibilities. This doubt has been fueled by the national debate over drug pricing and affordable healthcare, and internationally by the battles against epidemic diseases, such as AIDS, in the developing world. Debates are raging over how the industry can and should be expected to act. The contributions in this book by leading figures in industry, government, NGOs, the medical community, and academia discuss and propose solutions to the ethical dilemmas of drug industry behavior. They examine such aspects as the role of intellectual property rights and patent protection, the moral and economic requisites of research and clinical trials, drug pricing, and marketing.


Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Clinical Research

Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Clinical Research
Author: Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Publisher:
Total Pages: 532
Release: 2003
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

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Professionals in need of such training and bioethicists will be interested.