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| Author | : Geoffrey Martin Hodgson |
| Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 648 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
This is a collection of essays on the relationship between economics and biology. As the limitations of the mechanistic metaphor in economics are increasingly recognized, this volume explores the potential for the use of evolutionary and other ideas from the science of biology.
| Author | : John Komlos |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 849 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0199389292 |
The Oxford Handbook of Economics and Human Biology provides an extensive and insightful overview of how economic conditions affect human well-being and how human health influences economic outcomes. The book addresses both macro and micro factors, as well as their interaction, providing new understanding of complex relationships and developments in economic history and economic dynamics. Among the topics explored is how variation in height, whether over time, among different socioeconomic groups, or in different locations, is an important indicator of changes in economic growth and economic development, levels of economic inequality, and economic opportunities for individuals.
| Author | : Hsiang-Ke Chao |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 256 |
| Release | : 2013-07-31 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9400724543 |
This volume addresses fundamental issues in the philosophy of science in the context of two most intriguing fields: biology and economics. Written by authorities and experts in the philosophy of biology and economics, Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics provides a structured study of the concepts of mechanism and causality in these disciplines and draws careful juxtapositions between philosophical apparatus and scientific practice. By exploring the issues that are most salient to the contemporary philosophies of biology and economics and by presenting comparative analyses, the book serves as a platform not only for gaining mutual understanding between scientists and philosophers of the life sciences and those of the social sciences, but also for sharing interdisciplinary research that combines both philosophical concepts in both fields. The book begins by defining the concepts of mechanism and causality in biology and economics, respectively. The second and third parts investigate philosophical perspectives of various causal and mechanistic issues in scientific practice in the two fields. These two sections include chapters on causal issues in the theory of evolution; experiments and scientific discovery; representation of causal relations and mechanism by models in economics. The concluding section presents interdisciplinary studies of various topics concerning extrapolation of life sciences and social sciences, including chapters on the philosophical investigation of conjoining biological and economic analyses with, respectively, demography, medicine and sociology.
| Author | : Sunny Y. Auyang |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 422 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780521778268 |
Analyzes approaches to the study of complexity in the physical, biological, and social sciences.
| Author | : Pierre N.V. Tu |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 257 |
| Release | : 2013-11-11 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3662027798 |
Dynamic tools of analysis and modelling are increasingly used in Economics and Biology and have become more and more sophisticated in recent years, to the point where the general students without training in Dynamic Systems (DS) would be at a loss. No doubt they are referred to the original sources of mathematical theorems used in the various proofs, but the level of mathematics is generally beyond them. Students are thus left with the burden of somehow understanding advanced mathematics by themselves, with· very little help. It is to these general students, equipped only with a modest background of Calculus and Matrix Algebra that this book is dedicated. It aims at providing them with a fairly comprehensive box of dynamical tools they are expected to have at their disposal. The first three Chapters start with the most elementary notions of first and second order Differential and Difference Equations. For these, no matrix theory and hardly any calculus are needed. Then, before embarking on linear and nonlinear DS, a review of some Linear Algebra in Chapter 4 provides the bulk of matrix theory required for the study of later Chapters. Systems of Linear Differ ential Equations (Ch. 5) and Difference Equations (Ch. 6) then follow to provide students with a good background in linear DS, necessary for the subsequent study of nonlinear systems. Linear Algebra, reviewed in Ch. 4, is used freely in these and subsequent chapters to save space and time.
| Author | : Gerald A. Cory Jr. |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 199 |
| Release | : 2022-12-30 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1000683095 |
Economic Biology and Behavioral Economics: The Prophesy of Alfred Marshall explores the prophesy of Alfred Marshall, the grand synthesizer of neoclassical economics, that the "Mecca of the economist lies in economic biology". The book presents the proof of that prophesy through examination and establishment of the fundamental biological science necessary and then applying that science to the examination of current economic theory. In doing so, the book focuses primarily on the fundamentals of neoclassical economic theory— which is the reigning theory and the general framework of which is taught as "science" in first courses in college economics. These courses are at best an idealization, if not an ideology, of the discipline—presented to fresh minds misleadingly as confirmed science. The book examines the bases and the history of these idealizations, points to the sources of their error from the biological perspective and suggests a path forward for the discipline. Through this process, the book demonstrates the power of the biological perspective anticipated by Marshall. This book provides invaluable reading for anyone interested in the future of economics and economic theory, and particularly those interested in behavioral economics and neuroeconomics.
| Author | : Jean-Baptiste André |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 193 |
| Release | : 2023-01-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3031087909 |
This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the major key concepts common to economics and evolutionary biology. Written by a group of philosophers of science, biologists and economists, it proposes analyses of the meaning of twenty-five concepts from the viewpoint respectively of economics and of evolutionary biology –each followed by a short synthesis emphasizing major discrepancies and commonalities. This analysis is surrounded by chapters exploring the nature of the analogy that connects evolution and economics, and chapters that summarize the major teachings of the analyses of the keywords. Most scholars in biology and in economics know that their science has something in common with the other one, for instance the notions of competition and resources. Textbooks regularly acknowledge that the two fields share some history – Darwin borrowing from Malthus the insistence on scarcity of resources, and then behavioral ecologists adapting and transforming game theory into evolutionary game theory in the 1980s, while Friedman famously alluded to a Darwinian process yielding the extant firms. However, the real extent of the similarities, the reasons why they are so close, and the limits and even the nature of the analogy connecting economics and biological evolution, remain inexplicit. This book proposes basis analyses that can sustain such explication. It is intended for researchers, grad students and master students in evolutionary and in economics, as well as in philosophy of science.
| Author | : Anna Sachko Gandolfi |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 273 |
| Release | : 2018-02-06 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1351324632 |
Economics is traditionally taken to be the social science concerned with the production, consumption, exchange, and distribution of wealth and commodities. Economists carefully track the comings and goings of the human household, whether written small (microeconomics) or large (macroeconomics) and attempt to predict future patterns under different situations. However, in constructing their models of economic behavior, economists often lose sight of the actual characteristics and motivations of their human subjects. In consequence, they have found the goal of an explanatory and predictive science to be elusive. Economics as an Evolutionary Science reorients economics toward a more direct appreciation of human nature, with an emphasis on what we have learned from recent advances in evolutionary science. The authors integrate economics and evolution to produce a social science that is rigorous, internally coherent, testable, and consistent with the natural sciences. The authors suggest an expanded definition of "fitness," as in Darwin's survival of the fittest, emphasizing not only the importance of reproduction and the quality of offspring, but also the unique ability of humans to provide material wealth to their children. The book offers a coherent explanation for the recent decline in fertility, which is shown to be consistent with the evolutionary goal of maximizing genetic success. In addition, the authors demonstrate the relevance to economics of several core concepts derived from biologists, including the genetics of parent-offspring conflict, inclusive fitness theory, and the phenomena of R-selection and K-selection. The keystone of their presentation is a cogent critique of the traditional concept of "utility." As the authors demonstrate, the concept can be modified to reflect the fundamental evolutionary principle whereby living things-including human beings-have been selected to behave in a manner that maximizes their genetic representation in future generations. Despite the extraordinary interest in applying evolutionary biology to other disciplines, Economics as an Evolutionary Science marks the first major attempt at a synthesis of biology and economics. Scholarly yet accessible, this volume offers unique and original perspectives on an entire discipline.
| Author | : Peter Koslowski |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 342 |
| Release | : 2013-03-09 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3662038250 |
The theory of evolution and Neo-Darwinian biological theory extend their analysis in sociobiology from the life sciences and the animal societies to human societies. Sociobiology as a unifying theory of the social interaction within and between species has led to an integration of economic analysis into biology. The economy of nature has become the subject of bioeconomics which in turn transferred biological analysis to the human economy. Evolution, competition, selection, and cooperation are phenomena common to the economy of nature and human economy. The inclusion of economic and cultural theory in evolution theory raises the question whether the Neo-Darwinian Synthesis with its exclusive concern with somatic heredity is able to incorporate developmental systems of the human economy and of cultural heredity. A new synthesis of the natural and the social sciences is in the making.
| Author | : ARMIN W. SCHULZ |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2022-08 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780367492540 |
This book is the first systematic treatment of the philosophy of science underlying evolutionary economics. It does not advocate an evolutionary approach towards economics, but rather assesses the epistemic value of appealing to evolutionary biology in economics more generally. The author divides work in evolutionary economics into three distinct, albeit related, forms: a structural form, an evidential form, and a heuristic form. He then analyzes five examples of work in evolutionary economics falling under these three forms. For the structural form, he examines the parallelism between natural selection and economic decision making, and the parallelism between natural selection and market competition. For the evidential form, he looks at the relationship between animal and human economic decision making, and the evolutionary explanation of diversity in human economic decision making. Finally, for the heuristic form, he focuses on the plausibility of equilibrium modeling in evolutionary ecology and economics. In this way, he shows that linking evolutionary biology and economics can make for a powerful methodological tool that can enable progress in our understanding of various economics questions. Structure, Evidence, and Heuristic will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in philosophy of science, philosophy of social science, evolutionary biology, and economics.
