Classical First Order Logic PDF Download
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| Author | : Stewart Shapiro |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 89 |
| Release | : 2022-05-19 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 1108991521 |
Download Classical First-Order Logic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
One is often said to be reasoning well when they are reasoning logically. Many attempts to say what logical reasoning is have been proposed, but one commonly proposed system is first-order classical logic. This Element will examine the basics of first-order classical logic and discuss some surrounding philosophical issues. The first half of the Element develops a language for the system, as well as a proof theory and model theory. The authors provide theorems about the system they developed, such as unique readability and the Lindenbaum lemma. They also discuss the meta-theory for the system, and provide several results there, including proving soundness and completeness theorems. The second half of the Element compares first-order classical logic to other systems: classical higher order logic, intuitionistic logic, and several paraconsistent logics which reject the law of ex falso quodlibet.
| Author | : Maria Manzano |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 414 |
| Release | : 1996-03-29 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9780521354356 |
Download Extensions of First-Order Logic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An introduction to many-sorted logic as an extension of first-order logic.
| Author | : Melvin Fitting |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 258 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 1468403575 |
Download First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
There are many kinds of books on formal logic. Some have philosophers as their intended audience, some mathematicians, some computer scientists. Although there is a common core to all such books they will be very dif ferent in emphasis, methods, and even appearance. This book is intended for computer scientists. But even this is not precise. Within computer sci ence formal logic turns up in a number of areas, from program verification to logic programming to artificial intelligence. This book is intended for computer scientists interested in automated theorem proving in classical logic. To be more precise yet, it is essentially a theoretical treatment, not a how-to book, although how-to issues are not neglected. This does not mean, of course, that the book will be of no interest to philosophers or mathematicians. It does contain a thorough presentation of formal logic and many proof techniques, and as such it contains all the material one would expect to find in a course in formal logic covering completeness but not incompleteness issues. The first item to be addressed is, what are we talking about and why are we interested in it. We are primarily talking about truth as used in mathematical discourse, and our interest in it is, or should be, self-evident. Truth is a semantic concept, so we begin with models and their properties. These are used to define our subject.
| Author | : John Heil |
| Publisher | : Hackett Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 303 |
| Release | : 2021-10-06 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 1647920108 |
Download First-Order Logic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
"In his introduction to this most welcome republication (and second edition) of his logic text, Heil clarifies his aim in writing and revising this book: 'I believe that anyone unfamiliar with the subject who set out to learn formal logic could do so relying solely on [this] book. That, in any case, is what I set out to create in writing An Introduction to First-Order Logic.' Heil has certainly accomplished this with perhaps the most explanatorily thorough and pedagogically rich text I’ve personally come across. "Heil's text stands out as being remarkably careful in its presentation and illuminating in its explanations—especially given its relatively short length when compared to the average logic textbook. It hits all of the necessary material that must be covered in an introductory deductive logic course, and then some. It also takes occasional excursions into side topics, successfully whetting the reader’s appetite for more advanced studies in logic. "The book is clearly written by an expert who has put in the effort for his readers, bothering at every step to see the point and then explain it clearly to his readers. Heil has found some very clever, original ways to introduce, motivate, and otherwise teach this material. The author's own special expertise and perspective—especially when it comes to tying philosophy of mind, linguistics, and philosophy of language into the lessons of logic—make for a creative and fresh take on basic logic. With its unique presentation and illuminating explanations, this book comes about as close as a text can come to imitating the learning environment of an actual classroom. Indeed, working through its presentations carefully, the reader feels as though he or she has just attended an illuminating lecture on the relevant topics!" —Jonah Schupbach, University of Utah
| Author | : D. Harel |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 152 |
| Release | : 2014-01-15 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9783662174500 |
Download First-Order Dynamic Logic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Petr Cintula |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 465 |
| Release | : 2022-01-01 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 3030856755 |
Download Logic and Implication Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This monograph presents a general theory of weakly implicative logics, a family covering a vast number of non-classical logics studied in the literature, concentrating mainly on the abstract study of the relationship between logics and their algebraic semantics. It can also serve as an introduction to (abstract) algebraic logic, both propositional and first-order, with special attention paid to the role of implication, lattice and residuated connectives, and generalized disjunctions. Based on their recent work, the authors develop a powerful uniform framework for the study of non-classical logics. In a self-contained and didactic style, starting from very elementary notions, they build a general theory with a substantial number of abstract results. The theory is then applied to obtain numerous results for prominent families of logics and their algebraic counterparts, in particular for superintuitionistic, modal, substructural, fuzzy, and relevant logics. The book may be of interest to a wide audience, especially students and scholars in the fields of mathematics, philosophy, computer science, or related areas, looking for an introduction to a general theory of non-classical logics and their algebraic semantics.
| Author | : John L. Bell |
| Publisher | : Broadview Press |
| Total Pages | : 313 |
| Release | : 2001-03-30 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 1551112973 |
Download Logical Options Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Logical Options introduces the extensions and alternatives to classical logic which are most discussed in the philosophical literature: many-sorted logic, second-order logic, modal logics, intuitionistic logic, three-valued logic, fuzzy logic, and free logic. Each logic is introduced with a brief description of some aspect of its philosophical significance, and wherever possible semantic and proof methods are employed to facilitate comparison of the various systems. The book is designed to be useful for philosophy students and professional philosophers who have learned some classical first-order logic and would like to learn about other logics important to their philosophical work.
| Author | : Lou Goble |
| Publisher | : Wiley-Blackwell |
| Total Pages | : 510 |
| Release | : 2001-08-30 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9780631206927 |
Download The Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This volume presents a definitive introduction to twenty core areas of philosophical logic including classical logic, modal logic, alternative logics and close examinations of key logical concepts. The chapters, written especially for this volume by internationally distinguished logicians, philosophers, computer scientists and linguists, provide comprehensive studies of the concepts, motivations, methods, formal systems, major results and applications of their subject areas. The Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic engages both general readers and experienced logicians and provides a solid foundation for further study.
| Author | : Graham Priest |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 582 |
| Release | : 2008-04-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1139469673 |
Download An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This revised and considerably expanded 2nd edition brings together a wide range of topics, including modal, tense, conditional, intuitionist, many-valued, paraconsistent, relevant, and fuzzy logics. Part 1, on propositional logic, is the old Introduction, but contains much new material. Part 2 is entirely new, and covers quantification and identity for all the logics in Part 1. The material is unified by the underlying theme of world semantics. All of the topics are explained clearly using devices such as tableau proofs, and their relation to current philosophical issues and debates are discussed. Students with a basic understanding of classical logic will find this book an invaluable introduction to an area that has become of central importance in both logic and philosophy. It will also interest people working in mathematics and computer science who wish to know about the area.
| Author | : Michal Walicki |
| Publisher | : World Scientific Publishing Company |
| Total Pages | : 302 |
| Release | : 2016-08-12 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 9814719986 |
Download Introduction To Mathematical Logic (Extended Edition) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This is a systematic and well-paced introduction to mathematical logic. Excellent as a course text, the book presupposes only elementary background and can be used also for self-study by more ambitious students.Starting with the basics of set theory, induction and computability, it covers propositional and first order logic — their syntax, reasoning systems and semantics. Soundness and completeness results for Hilbert's and Gentzen's systems are presented, along with simple decidability arguments. The general applicability of various concepts and techniques is demonstrated by highlighting their consistent reuse in different contexts.Unlike in most comparable texts, presentation of syntactic reasoning systems precedes the semantic explanations. The simplicity of syntactic constructions and rules — of a high, though often neglected, pedagogical value — aids students in approaching more complex semantic issues. This order of presentation also brings forth the relative independence of syntax from the semantics, helping to appreciate the importance of the purely symbolic systems, like those underlying computers.An overview of the history of logic precedes the main text, while informal analogies precede introduction of most central concepts. These informal aspects are kept clearly apart from the technical ones. Together, they form a unique text which may be appreciated equally by lecturers and students occupied with mathematical precision, as well as those interested in the relations of logical formalisms to the problems of computability and the philosophy of logic.This revised edition contains also, besides many new exercises, a new chapter on semantic paradoxes. An equivalence of logical and graphical representations allows us to see vicious circularity as the odd cycles in the graphical representation and can be used as a simple tool for diagnosing paradoxes in natural discourse.
