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China's Other Army: the People's Armed Police in an Era of Reform

China's Other Army: the People's Armed Police in an Era of Reform
Author: Joel Wuthnow
Publisher:
Total Pages: 51
Release: 2019-04
Genre:
ISBN: 9781070213682

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China's premier paramilitary force--the People's Armed Police (PAP)--is undergoing its most profound restructuring since its establishment in 1982.Previously under dual civilian and military command, the PAP has been placed firmly under China's military. As chairman of the Central Military Commission, Xi Jinping now has direct control over all of China's primary instruments of coercive power. This represents the highest degree of centralized control over China's paramilitary forces since the Cultural Revolution. Local and provincial officials have lost the ability to unilaterally deploy PAP units in the event of civil unrest or natural disasters, but can still request support through a new coordination system. The China Coast Guard, which previously reported to civilian agencies, has been placed within the PAP and is thus now part of the military command structure. New PAP operational commands, known as "mobile contingents," have been established with a diverse mix of capabilities. They will play a key role in protecting the capital and could be deployed in a Taiwan contingency, among other missions. Geographic distribution of mobile PAP units remains skewed to western China, providing rapid reaction capabilities that could be used to repress dissent in Xinjiang and Tibet. Politically, the reforms reaffirm Chinese Communist Party (and Xi Jinping's) control over the PAP and may reduce the scope for local abuse of power.


China's Other Army

China's Other Army
Author: Joel Wuthnow
Publisher: Independently Published
Total Pages: 54
Release: 2019-04-27
Genre: Paramilitary forces
ISBN: 9781096049180

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Established in 1982, the People’s Armed Police (PAP) is the paramilitary wing of the Chi- nese Communist Party (CCP), with a primary responsibility for maintaining domestic stability and a secondary role in providing rear area support for the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) during wartime. e PAP—with a strength of up to a million personnel—also lls a variety of other important roles and missions, such as responding to natural disasters, guarding govern- ment compounds, and participating in United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations around the world. For most of its existence, the PAP was under the dual leadership of the Central Military Commission (CMC) and the State Council, with provincial and local o cials granted signi cant latitude over PAP deployments in the event of emergencies. Some e orts to central- ize authority were made during the 1990s and 2000s, but the basic character of the PAP went unchanged for three decades. Under Xi Jinping’s tenure, China has embarked on a series of major reforms to the PAP. is paper explores the key dimensions, drivers, and implications of the PAP reorganization.


Chinese Military Reform in the Age of Xi Jinping: Drivers, Challenges, and Implications

Chinese Military Reform in the Age of Xi Jinping: Drivers, Challenges, and Implications
Author: Joel Wuthnow
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Total Pages: 100
Release:
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780160937873

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China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has embarked on its most wide-ranging and ambitious restructuring since 1949, including major changes to most of its key organizations. The restructuring reflects the desire to strengthen PLA joint operation capabilities- on land, sea, in the air, and in the space and cyber domains. The reforms could result in a more adept joint warfighting force, though the PLA will continue to face a number of key hurdles to effective joint operations, Several potential actions would indicate that the PLA is overcoming obstacles to a stronger joint operations capability. The reforms are also intended to increase Chairman Xi Jinping's control over the PLA and to reinvigorate Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organs within the military. Xi Jinping's ability to push through reforms indicates that he has more authority over the PLA than his recent predecessors. The restructuring could create new opportunities for U.S.-China military contacts.


China's Security State

China's Security State
Author: Xuezhi Guo
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 501
Release: 2012-08-29
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1139536818

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China's Security State describes the creation, evolution, and development of Chinese security and intelligence agencies as well as their role in influencing Chinese Communist Party politics throughout the party's history. Xuezhi Guo investigates patterns of leadership politics from the vantage point of security and intelligence organization and operation by providing new evidence and offering alternative interpretations of major events throughout Chinese Communist Party history. This analysis promotes a better understanding of the CCP's mechanisms for control over both Party members and the general population. This study specifies some of the broader implications for theory and research that can help clarify the nature of Chinese politics and potential future developments in the country's security and intelligence services.


Chinese Strategy and Military Modernization in 2015

Chinese Strategy and Military Modernization in 2015
Author: Anthony H. Cordesman
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 587
Release: 2016-01-12
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1442259019

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China’s emergence as a global economic superpower, and as a major regional military power in Asia and the Pacific, has had a major impact on its relations with the United States and its neighbors. China was the driving factor in the new strategy the United States announced in 2012 that called for a “rebalance” of U.S. forces to the Asia-Pacific region. At the same time, China’s actions on its borders, in the East China Sea, and in the South China Sea have shown that it is steadily expanding its geopolitical role in the Pacific and having a steadily increasing impact on the strategy and military developments in other Asian powers.


Chinese Military Reforms in the Age of XI Jinping

Chinese Military Reforms in the Age of XI Jinping
Author: National Defense University (US)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 98
Release: 2017-05-11
Genre:
ISBN: 9781546580386

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China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has embarked on its most wide-ranging and ambitious restructuring since 1949, including major changes to most of its key organizations. -The general departments were disbanded, new Central Military Commission (CMC) departments created, and a new ground force headquarters established. -Seven military regions were restructured into five theater commands aligned against regional threats. Commanders will be able to develop joint force packages from army, navy, air force, and conventional missile units within their theaters. -PLA service headquarters are transitioning to an exclusive focus on "organize, train, and equip" missions and will no longer have a primary role in conducting operations. However, the PLA is still figuring out how the new relationships among the CMC, services, and theaters will work in practice. The restructuring will also reduce the size of the PLA by 300,000 soldiers, cutting the ground forces and increasing the size of the navy and air force.


China’s Incomplete Military Transformation

China’s Incomplete Military Transformation
Author: Michael S. Chase
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Total Pages: 201
Release: 2015-02-13
Genre: History
ISBN: 0833088319

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Through extensive primary source analysis and independent analysis, this report seeks to answer a number of important questions regarding the state of China’s armed forces. The authors found that the PLA is keenly aware of its many weaknesses and is vigorously striving to correct them. Although it is only natural to focus on the PLA’s growing capabilities, understanding the PLA’s weaknesses—and its self-assessments—is no less important.


China's Use of Military Force

China's Use of Military Force
Author: Andrew Scobell
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2003-09-08
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780521525855

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In this unique study of China s militarism, Andrew Scobell examines the use of military force abroad - as in Korea (1950), Vietnam (1979), and the Taiwan Strait (1995 1996) - and domestically, as during the Cultural Revolution of the late 1960s and in the 1989 military crackdown in Tiananmen Square. Debunking the view that China has become increasingly belligerent in recent years because of the growing influence of soldiers, Scobell concludes that China s strategic culture has remained unchanged for decades. Nevertheless, the author uncovers the existence of a Cult of Defense in Chinese strategic culture. The author warns that this Cult of Defense disposes Chinese leaders to rationalize all military deployment as defensive, while changes in the People s Liberation Army s doctrine and capabilities over the past two decades suggest that China s twenty-first century leaders may use military force more readily than their predecessors.


The People's Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China

The People's Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China
Author: Andrew Scobell
Publisher: Lulu.com
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2016-04-26
Genre: Reference
ISBN: 9781365073724

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How will China use its increasing military capabilities in the future? China faces a complicated security environment with a wide range of internal and external threats. Rapidly expanding international interests are creating demands for the People's Liberation Army (PLA) to conduct new missions ranging from protecting Chinese shipping from Somali pirates to evacuating citizens from Libya. The most recent Chinese defense white paper states that the armed forces must "make serious preparations to cope with the most complex and difficult scenarios . . . so as to ensure proper responses . . . at any time and under any circumstances." Based on a conference co-sponsored by Taiwan's Council of Advanced Policy Studies, RAND, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and National Defense University, The People's Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China brings together leading experts from the United States and Taiwan to examine how the PLA prepares for a range of domestic, border, and maritime...


China's Strategic Support Force

China's Strategic Support Force
Author: John Costello
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 84
Release: 2018-10-11
Genre:
ISBN: 9781727834604

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In late 2015, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) initiated reforms that have brought dramatic changes to its structure, model of warfighting, and organizational culture, including the creation of a Strategic Support Force (SSF) that centralizes most PLA space, cyber, electronic, and psychological warfare capabilities. The reforms come at an inflection point as the PLA seeks to pivot from land-based territorial defense to extended power projection to protect Chinese interests in the "strategic frontiers" of space, cyberspace, and the far seas. Understanding the new strategic roles of the SSF is essential to understanding how the PLA plans to fight and win informationized wars and how it will conduct information operations.