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Biodegradability Prediction

Biodegradability Prediction
Author: W.J. Peijnenburg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 149
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401156867

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Biodegradation is the dominant pathway for the environmental transformation of most chemicals and information on a chemical's biodegradability is essential for proper risk assessment. But there are few methods for predicting whether or not a chemical is biodegradable, since this depends on the chemical's structure as well as on the environmental conditions that it encounters. The present book deals with quantitative structure-biodegradability relationship models (QSBRs), emphasizing the biological and ecological part of the biodegradation process. Surveys are given of the microbial aspects of biodegradation and the methods available for testing biodegradability. New trends and methods in biodegradation modelling are reviewed, including contributions on computerized biodegradability prediction systems. Some of the newly developed models for assessing risk and ecological impact in aquatic and terrestrial environments have been validated, and this process is discussed. Audience: Scientists active in microbiology, the environmental sciences, biotechnology and bioremediation. Policy makers will find the book indispensable in assessing the present state of the art on the biodegradability of substances.


Biodegradation of Dioxins and Furans

Biodegradation of Dioxins and Furans
Author: Rolf-Michael Wittich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 293
Release: 2013-03-14
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 366206068X

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Bioremediation of organic pollutants and heavy metals by use of microorganisms represents a safe, inexpensive, and environmentally-friendly concept in modern environmental engineering. During the last three decades intense efforts have been made by microbiologists and environmental engineers in the isolation and characterization of microorganisms capable of degradation, transformation and detoxification of recalcitrant chemical compounds of environmental concern: (polyhalogenated) dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and diphenyl ethers. Special emphasis is placed on the potential of molecular biology techniques to improve presently available biocatalysts.


Predicting Chemical Toxicity and Fate

Predicting Chemical Toxicity and Fate
Author: Mark T.D. Cronin
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 474
Release: 2004-05-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780203642627

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Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs) are increasingly used to predict the harmful effects of chemicals to humans and the environment. The increased use of these methods in a variety of areas (academic, industrial, regulatory) results from a realization that very little toxicological or fate data is available on the vast amount of chemicals to which humans and the environment are exposed. Predicting Chemical Toxicity and Fate provides a comprehensive explanation of the state-of-the-art methods that are available to predict the effects of chemicals on humans and the environment. It describes the use of predictive methods to estimate the physiochemical properties, biological activities, and fate of chemicals. The methods described may be used to predict the properties of drugs before their development, and to predict the environmental effects of chemicals. These methods also reduce the cost of product development and the need for animal testing. This book fills an obvious need by providing a comprehensive explanation of these prediction methods. It is a practical book that illustrates the use of these techniques in real life scenarios. This book will demystify QSARs for those students unsure of them, and professionals in environmental toxicology and chemistry will find this a useful reference in their everyday working lives.


Environmental Biotechnology

Environmental Biotechnology
Author: Daniel A. Vallero
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 795
Release: 2010-06-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0123785510

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Environmental Biotechnology: A Biosystems Approach introduces a systems approach to environmental biotechnology and its applications to a range of environmental problems. A systems approach requires a basic understanding of four disciplines: environmental engineering, systems biology, environmental microbiology, and ecology. These disciplines are discussed in the context of their application to achieve specific environmental outcomes and to avoid problems in such applications. The book begins with a discussion of the background and historical context of contemporary issues in biotechnology. It then explains the scientific principles of environmental biotechnologies; environmental biochemodynamic processes; environmental risk assessment; and the reduction and management of biotechnological risks. It describes ways to address environmental problems caused or exacerbated by biotechnologies. It also emphasizes need for professionalism in environmental biotechnological enterprises. This book was designed to serve as a primary text for two full semesters of undergraduate study (e.g., Introduction to Environmental Biotechnology or Advanced Environmental Biotechnology). It will also be a resource text for a graduate-level seminar in environmental biotechnology (e.g., Environmental Implications of Biotechnology). Provides a systems approach to biotechnologies which includes the physical, biological, and chemical processes in context Case studies include cutting-edge technologies such as nanobiotechnologies and green engineering Addresses both the applications and implications of biotechnologies by following the life-cycle of a variety of established and developing biotechnologies


Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An Introduction

Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An Introduction
Author: C.J. van Leeuwen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 706
Release: 2007-09-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402061013

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At last – a second edition of this hugely important text that reflects the progress and experience gained in the last decade and aims at providing background and training material for a new generation of risk assessors. The authors offer an introduction to risk assessment of chemicals as well as basic background information on sources, emissions, distribution and fate processes for the estimation of exposure of plant and animal species in the environment and humans exposed via the environment, consumer products, and at the workplace. The coverage describes the basic principles and methods of risk assessment within their legislative frameworks (EU, USA, Japan and Canada).


Biodegradation and Bioremediation

Biodegradation and Bioremediation
Author: Martin Alexander
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Total Pages: 474
Release: 1999
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780120498611

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Alexander presents the basic principles of biodegradation and how these principles relate to bioremediation. All the subject's microbiological, chemical, toxicological, environmental, engineering and technological aspects are covered.


Advances in Bio-inspired Computing for Combinatorial Optimization Problems

Advances in Bio-inspired Computing for Combinatorial Optimization Problems
Author: Camelia-Mihaela Pintea
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 189
Release: 2013-08-13
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642401791

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"Advances in Bio-inspired Combinatorial Optimization Problems" illustrates several recent bio-inspired efficient algorithms for solving NP-hard problems. Theoretical bio-inspired concepts and models, in particular for agents, ants and virtual robots are described. Large-scale optimization problems, for example: the Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem and the Railway Traveling Salesman Problem, are solved and their results are discussed. Some of the main concepts and models described in this book are: inner rule to guide ant search - a recent model in ant optimization, heterogeneous sensitive ants; virtual sensitive robots; ant-based techniques for static and dynamic routing problems; stigmergic collaborative agents and learning sensitive agents. This monograph is useful for researchers, students and all people interested in the recent natural computing frameworks. The reader is presumed to have knowledge of combinatorial optimization, graph theory, algorithms and programming. The book should furthermore allow readers to acquire ideas, concepts and models to use and develop new software for solving complex real-life problems.


Handbook of Property Estimation Methods for Chemicals

Handbook of Property Estimation Methods for Chemicals
Author: Donald Mackay
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 492
Release: 2000-03-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1420026283

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A complete restructuring and updating of the classic 1982 Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods (commonly known as "Lyman's Handbook"), the Handbook of Property Estimation Methods for Chemicals: Environmental and Health Sciences reviews and recommends practical methods for estimating environmentally important properties of organic chemic


Knowledge-based Expert Systems in Chemistry

Knowledge-based Expert Systems in Chemistry
Author: Philip Judson
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Total Pages: 223
Release: 2009
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0854041605

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This book is about the development of knowledge-based, and related, expert systems in chemistry and toxicology. It shows how computers can work with qualitative information where precise numerical methods are not satisfactory.


Machine Learning and Hybrid Modelling for Reaction Engineering

Machine Learning and Hybrid Modelling for Reaction Engineering
Author: Dongda Zhang
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2023-12-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1837670188

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Over the last decade, there has been a significant shift from traditional mechanistic and empirical modelling into statistical and data-driven modelling for applications in reaction engineering. In particular, the integration of machine learning and first-principle models has demonstrated significant potential and success in the discovery of (bio)chemical kinetics, prediction and optimisation of complex reactions, and scale-up of industrial reactors. Summarising the latest research and illustrating the current frontiers in applications of hybrid modelling for chemical and biochemical reaction engineering, Machine Learning and Hybrid Modelling for Reaction Engineering fills a gap in the methodology development of hybrid models. With a systematic explanation of the fundamental theory of hybrid model construction, time-varying parameter estimation, model structure identification and uncertainty analysis, this book is a great resource for both chemical engineers looking to use the latest computational techniques in their research and computational chemists interested in new applications for their work.