Assessment Of The Niosh Head And Face Anthropometric Survey Of Us Respirator Users PDF Download
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Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 122 |
Release | : 2007-04-30 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309103983 |
Download Assessment of the NIOSH Head-and-Face Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Respirator Users Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
NIOSH and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) share responsibility for overseeing respiratory protection in the workplace and have established regulations for this purpose. Specifically, NIOSH has issued regulations which define respirator testing and certification. OSHA has issued regulations which define conditions under which employers are required to maintain respiratory protection programs in general industry, shipyards, marine terminals, and construction. In 2005, NIOSH contracted with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to study the NIOSH-sponsored Anthrotech study along with its supporting information and reports, and to examine and report on the adequacy and relevance of the study protocol, the analyses conducted, the resulting anthropometric dataset, and the appropriateness of the respirator fit-test panels derived from the new dataset. Assessment of the NIOSH Head-and-Face Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Respirator Users focuses on the establishment of the scientific base required for certification standards of respirators, not their use in the workplace. This report describes and analyzes the anthropometric measurements performed by Anthrotech for its NIOSH-sponsored study. This report looks at the survey methods used by Anthrotech in the study, and examines how Anthrotech analyzed its data to derive fit-test panels and suggests some ways that analysis could be improved. This report discusses future directions, pointing toward further analyses of the data and offers suggestions for moving from research to practice.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 111 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Anthropometry |
ISBN | : |
Download A Head-and-face Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Respirator Users Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Vincent G. Duffy |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 546 |
Release | : 2011-06-27 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 3642217990 |
Download Digital Human Modeling Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Digital Human Modeling, ICDHM 2011, held in Orlando, FL, USA in July 2011. The 58 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers accepted for presentation thoroughly cover the thematic area of anthropometry applications, posture and motion modeling, digital human modeling and design, cognitive modeling, and driver modeling.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 214 |
Release | : 2008-10-25 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0309120187 |
Download The Personal Protective Technology Program at NIOSH Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Maintaining the health and safety of workers in the United States and globally is accomplished in part by reducing hazardous exposures through the use of personal protective equipment. Personal protective technologies (PPT) include respirators worn by construction workers and miners; protective clothing, respirators, and gloves worn by firefighters and mine rescue workers; and respirators and protective clothing worn by healthcare workers. An estimated 5 million workers are required to wear respirators in 1.3 million U.S. workplaces. For some occupations, such as firefighting, the worker's protective equipment is the only form of protection against life-threatening hazards; for other workers, the PPT is a supplement to ventilation and other environmental, engineering, or administrative hazard controls. In the United States, federal responsibility for civilian worker PPT is integral to the mission of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). This book examines the NIOSH Personal Protective Technology Program (PPT Program) and specifically focuses on the relevance and impact of this program in reducing hazardous exposures and improving worker health and safety.
Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 171 |
Release | : 2010-03-19 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309152291 |
Download Informing the Future Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Today, perhaps more than ever, health care is a key item on the nation's agenda. Government policy makers, health professionals, scientists, industrial and civic leaders, patient advocates, and private citizens across the social spectrum are focusing on how best to obtain a high-quality health system that is efficient and affordable in its operation and that functions well for everyone. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) regularly considers this challenge from a variety of perspectives. Recent efforts have focused on improving the organization and operation of the nation's largest health agency; working to assess what diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive services work best; gauging the overall health of the nation's population; and identifying ways to build an even stronger foundation of evidence-based medicine that effectively captures the promise of scientific discovery and technological innovation and enables doctors, nurses, and other health professionals to provide the right care for the right patient at the right time. The body of this book illustrates the work of IOM committees in selected, major areas in recent years, followed by a description of IOM's convening and collaborative activities and fellowship programs. The last section provides a comprehensive bibliography of IOM reports published since 2007.
Author | : Isabel Prochner |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 152 |
Release | : 2023-12-19 |
Genre | : Design |
ISBN | : 1003825486 |
Download Designing for Sex and Gender Equity Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Drawing on original designer interviews, this book explores how design interventions can and do support sex and gender equity and what barriers still stand in the way. Isabel Prochner not only brings attention to sex and gender problems related to design artifacts but also provides a unique overview of creative design responses to these issues. The case studies and designer interviews provide new information about how designers can address these issues and the challenges they may encounter—whether that’s a lack of anthropometric data, trouble finding investment and business support, or even public resistance. Prochner brings together primary and secondary research and the most contemporary theories on sex, gender, and design. This book will be of interest to scholars working in design studies, sex and gender studies, social design, design for health, industrial design, product design, fashion design, and interaction design.
Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 206 |
Release | : 2007-11-28 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309177944 |
Download Preparing for an Influenza Pandemic Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
During an influenza pandemic, healthcare workers will be on the front lines delivering care to patients and preventing further spread of the disease. As the nation prepares for pandemic influenza, multiple avenues for protecting the health of the public are being carefully considered, ranging from rapid development of appropriate vaccines to quarantine plans should the need arise for their implementation. One vital aspect of pandemic influenza planning is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE)-the respirators, gowns, gloves, face shields, eye protection, and other equipment that will be used by healthcare workers and others in their day-to-day patient care responsibilities. However, efforts to appropriately protect healthcare workers from illness or from infecting their families and their patients are greatly hindered by the paucity of data on the transmission of influenza and the challenges associated with training and equipping healthcare workers with effective personal protective equipment. Due to this lack of knowledge on influenza transmission, it is not possible at the present time to definitively inform healthcare workers about what PPE is critical and what level of protection this equipment will provide in a pandemic. The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 have underscored the importance of protecting healthcare workers from infectious agents. The surge capacity that will be required to reduce mortality from a pandemic cannot be met if healthcare workers are themselves ill or are absent due to concerns about PPE efficacy. The IOM committee determined that there is an urgent need to address the lack of preparedness regarding effective PPE for use in an influenza pandemic. Preparing for an Influenza Pandemic : Personal Protective Equipment for Healthcare Workers identifies that require expeditious research and policy action: (1) Influenza transmission research should become an immediate and short-term research priority so that effective prevention and control strategies can be developed and refined. The current paucity of knowledge significantly hinders prevention efforts. (2) Employer and employee commitment to worker safety and appropriate use of PPE should be strengthened. Healthcare facilities should establish and promote a culture of safety. (3) An integrated effort is needed to understand the PPE requirements of the worker and to develop and utilize innovative materials and technologies to create the next generation of PPE capable of meeting these needs.
Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 128 |
Release | : 2008-01-08 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309178282 |
Download Neuroscience Biomarkers and Biosignatures Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Biomarkers, or biological markers, are quantitative measurements that offer researchers and clinicians valuable insight into diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for many disorders and diseases. A major goal in neuroscience medical research is establishing biomarkers for disorders of the nervous system. Given the promising potential and necessity for neuroscience biomarkers, the Institute of Medicine Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders convened a public workshop and released the workshop summary entitled Neuroscience Biomarkers and Biosignatures: Converging Technologies, Emerging Partnerships. The workshop brought together experts from multiple areas to discuss the most promising and practical arenas in neuroscience in which biomarkers will have the greatest impact. The main objective of the workshop was to identify and discuss biomarker targets that are not currently being aggressively pursued but that could have the greatest near-term impact on the rate at which new treatments are brought forward for psychiatric and neurological disorders.
Author | : Paula Susanne Joe |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 118 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : Breathing apparatus |
ISBN | : |
Download New NIOSH Headforms Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
For over 30 years, respirator sizing has been based on an anthropometric survey performed by LANL using the young and predominantly Caucasian US Air Force personnel. NIOSH, having observed the increase in diversity in the workplace, began a new survey in 2003 weighted to the US census. Finding that the LANL panel was no longer representative of the modern workforce, a new fit test panel recommending five sizing categories was created in 2007. Anthropometrically accurate headforms three-dimensional models for the average face in each size were designed in 2010. While these headforms are intended for use in respirator design, it has yet to be determined whether a shift to five sizes of facepieces would improve fit factors. This can be attributed to the high cost of prototyping limiting the availability of the headforms to use in testing. This collection of studies is intended to be a starting point in the assessment of any possible changes in facepiece fit resulting from shifting from the current three-size to a five-size system. An adaptive method for collecting three-dimensional facial anthropometric data using a surface laser scanner was developed and verified. A low-cost technique for casting a more realistic, silicone-skinned headform prototype was developed employing silicone molds of a complete set of NIOSH headforms. The novel headform anthropometric dimensions were verified using the previously described laser scanning method. The silicone-skinned headforms were then used in initial commercial facepiece fit testing, using both controlled negative pressure and aerosol methods. Results indicated widespread fit testing failures, with visible leak sites at the bridge of the nose on the headforms. A second iteration of two low surface friction headform prototypes fit testing results indicate that facepiece-silicone surface interaction may have contributed to the widespread fit test failures previously observed. The North small facepiece yielded passing overall fit factors on both Short/Wide headforms, demonstrating a significant improvement in fit on the low surface friction headform (p = 0.0026). A novel, low-cost method combining CT scanning, rapid prototyping, and casting techniques for designing and fabricating facepiece prototypes customized to the headform facial dimensions was also developed.
Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 153 |
Release | : 2021-01-13 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 030968384X |
Download Current Issues in the Assessment of Respiratory Protective Devices for Occupational and Non-Occupational Uses Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
To address approaches to the respirator approval process in the current landscape for both occupational and non-occupational use of respirators, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Standing Committee on Personal Protective Equipment for Workplace Safety and Health convened a virtual workshop, Current Issues in the Assessment of Respiratory Protective Devices: Nontraditional Workers and Public Use on August 4â€"5, 2020. Additionally, the workshop considered gaps in respiratory protection for outdoor workers and the general public. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.