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Pyramidal Architectures for Computer Vision

Pyramidal Architectures for Computer Vision
Author: Virginio Cantoni
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 348
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 146152413X

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Computer vision deals with the problem of manipulating information contained in large quantities of sensory data, where raw data emerge from the transducing 6 7 sensors at rates between 10 to 10 pixels per second. Conventional general purpose computers are unable to achieve the computation rates required to op erate in real time or even in near real time, so massively parallel systems have been used since their conception in this important practical application area. The development of massively parallel computers was initially character ized by efforts to reach a speedup factor equal to the number of processing elements (linear scaling assumption). This behavior pattern can nearly be achieved only when there is a perfect match between the computational struc ture or data structure and the system architecture. The theory of hierarchical modular systems (HMSs) has shown that even a small number of hierarchical levels can sizably increase the effectiveness of very large systems. In fact, in the last decade several hierarchical architectures that support capabilities which can overcome performances gained with the assumption of linear scaling have been proposed. Of these architectures, the most commonly considered in com puter vision is the one based on a very large number of processing elements (PEs) embedded in a pyramidal structure. Pyramidal architectures supply the same image at different resolution lev els, thus ensuring the use of the most appropriate resolution for the operation, task, and image at hand.


Architectures for Computer Vision

Architectures for Computer Vision
Author: Hong Jeong
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 624
Release: 2014-08-05
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1118659236

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This book provides comprehensive coverage of 3D vision systems, from vision models and state-of-the-art algorithms to their hardware architectures for implementation on DSPs, FPGA and ASIC chips, and GPUs. It aims to fill the gaps between computer vision algorithms and real-time digital circuit implementations, especially with Verilog HDL design. The organization of this book is vision and hardware module directed, based on Verilog vision modules, 3D vision modules, parallel vision architectures, and Verilog designs for the stereo matching system with various parallel architectures. Provides Verilog vision simulators, tailored to the design and testing of general vision chips Bridges the differences between C/C++ and HDL to encompass both software realization and chip implementation; includes numerous examples that realize vision algorithms and general vision processing in HDL Unique in providing an organized and complete overview of how a real-time 3D vision system-on-chip can be designed Focuses on the digital VLSI aspects and implementation of digital signal processing tasks on hardware platforms such as ASICs and FPGAs for 3D vision systems, which have not been comprehensively covered in one single book Provides a timely view of the pervasive use of vision systems and the challenges of fusing information from different vision modules Accompanying website includes software and HDL code packages to enhance further learning and develop advanced systems A solution set and lecture slides are provided on the book's companion website The book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in computer vision and embedded systems, as well as chip and FPGA designers. Senior undergraduate students specializing in VLSI design or computer vision will also find the book to be helpful in understanding advanced applications.


Computer Vision Using Deep Learning

Computer Vision Using Deep Learning
Author: Vaibhav Verdhan
Publisher: Apress
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2021-02-15
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9781484266151

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Organizations spend huge resources in developing software that can perform the way a human does. Image classification, object detection and tracking, pose estimation, facial recognition, and sentiment estimation all play a major role in solving computer vision problems. This book will bring into focus these and other deep learning architectures and techniques to help you create solutions using Keras and the TensorFlow library. You'll also review mutliple neural network architectures, including LeNet, AlexNet, VGG, Inception, R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, Mask R-CNN, YOLO, and SqueezeNet and see how they work alongside Python code via best practices, tips, tricks, shortcuts, and pitfalls. All code snippets will be broken down and discussed thoroughly so you can implement the same principles in your respective environments. Computer Vision Using Deep Learning offers a comprehensive yet succinct guide that stitches DL and CV together to automate operations, reduce human intervention, increase capability, and cut the costs. What You'll Learn Examine deep learning code and concepts to apply guiding principals to your own projects Classify and evaluate various architectures to better understand your options in various use cases Go behind the scenes of basic deep learning functions to find out how they work Who This Book Is For Professional practitioners working in the fields of software engineering and data science. A working knowledge of Python is strongly recommended. Students and innovators working on advanced degrees in areas related to computer vision and Deep Learning.


Parallel Architectures and Computer Vision

Parallel Architectures and Computer Vision
Author: Ian Page
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 360
Release: 1988
Genre: Computers
ISBN:

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The computer interpretation of visual images offers unlimited potential, with applications ranging from robotics and manufacturing to electronic sensors for aiding the blind. However, there is a huge gap between the promise of technology and what is actually possible now. In order to work effectively, computers will have to sense and analyze visual scenes in a fraction of a second, but currently it is not unusual to devote an hour of computer time to the analysis of a single image. Also, such images often have to be of highly stylized scenes to make any analysis possible. The only hope for the future lies in the use of massive parallel architectures, with perhaps thousands of processors cooperating on the task. Fortunately, the spectacular advances now being made in VLSI technology may allow such parallelism to be economically feasible. This book draws together the proceedings of a key workshop held in 1987. It presents the work of leading U.K. researchers in parallel architectures and computer vision from both industry and academia, providing a clear indication of the state of the art.


Readings in Computer Vision

Readings in Computer Vision
Author: Martin A. Fischler
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 815
Release: 2014-06-28
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0080515819

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The field of computer vision combines techniques from physics, mathematics, psychology, artificial intelligence, and computer science to examine how machines might construct meaningful descriptions of their surrounding environment. The editors of this volume, prominent researchers and leaders of the SRI International AI Center Perception Group, have selected sixty papers, most published since 1980, with the viewpoint that computer vision is concerned with solving seven basic problems: Reconstructing 3D scenes from 2D images Decomposing images into their component parts Recognizing and assigning labels to scene objects Deducing and describing relations among scene objects Determining the nature of computer architectures that can support the visual function Representing abstractions in the world of computer memory Matching stored descriptions to image representation Each chapter of this volume addresses one of these problems through an introductory discussion, which identifies major ideas and summarizes approaches, and through reprints of key research papers. Two appendices on crucial assumptions in image interpretation and on parallel architectures for vision applications, a glossary of technical terms, and a comprehensive bibliography and index complete the volume.


Radon and Projection Transform-Based Computer Vision

Radon and Projection Transform-Based Computer Vision
Author: Jorge L.C. Sanz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 126
Release: 2013-03-07
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3642730124

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This book deals with novel machine vision architecture ideas that make real-time projection-based algorithms a reality. The design is founded on raster-mode processing, which is exploited in a powerful and flexible pipeline. We concern ourselves with several image analysis algorithms for computing: projections of gray-level images along linear patterns (i. e. , the Radon transform) and other curved contours; convex hull approximations; the Hough transform for line and curve detection; diameters; moments and principal components, etc. Addition ally, we deal with an extensive list of key image processing tasks, which involve generating: discrete approximations of the inverse Radon transform operator; computer tomography reconstructions; two-dimensional convolutions; rotations and translations; multi-color digital masks; the discrete Fourier transform in polar coordinates; autocorrelations, etc. Both the image analysis and image processing algorithms are supported by a similar architecture. We will also of some of the above algorithms to the solution of demonstrate the applicability various industrial visual inspection problems. The algorithms and architectural ideas surveyed here unleash the power of the Radon and other non-linear transformations for machine vision applications. We provide fast methods to transform images into projection space representa tions and to backtrace projection-space information into the image domain. The novelty of this approach is that the above algorithms are suitable for implementa tion in a pipeline architecture. Specifically, random access memory and other dedicated hardware components which are necessary for implementation of clas sical techniques are not needed for our algorithms.


Elements of Deep Learning for Computer Vision

Elements of Deep Learning for Computer Vision
Author: Bharat Sikka
Publisher: BPB Publications
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2021-06-24
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9390684684

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Conceptualizing deep learning in computer vision applications using PyTorch and Python libraries. KEY FEATURES ● Covers a variety of computer vision projects, including face recognition and object recognition such as Yolo, Faster R-CNN. ● Includes graphical representations and illustrations of neural networks and teaches how to program them. ● Includes deep learning techniques and architectures introduced by Microsoft, Google, and the University of Oxford. DESCRIPTION Elements of Deep Learning for Computer Vision gives a thorough understanding of deep learning and provides highly accurate computer vision solutions while using libraries like PyTorch. This book introduces you to Deep Learning and explains all the concepts required to understand the basic working, development, and tuning of a neural network using Pytorch. The book then addresses the field of computer vision using two libraries, including the Python wrapper/version of OpenCV and PIL. After establishing and understanding both the primary concepts, the book addresses them together by explaining Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs). CNNs are further elaborated using top industry standards and research to explain how they provide complicated Object Detection in images and videos, while also explaining their evaluation. Towards the end, the book explains how to develop a fully functional object detection model, including its deployment over APIs. By the end of this book, you are well-equipped with the role of deep learning in the field of computer vision along with a guided process to design deep learning solutions. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Get to know the mechanism of deep learning and how neural networks operate. ● Learn to develop a highly accurate neural network model. ● Access to rich Python libraries to address computer vision challenges. ● Build deep learning models using PyTorch and learn how to deploy using the API. ● Learn to develop Object Detection and Face Recognition models along with their deployment. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book is for the readers who aspire to gain a strong fundamental understanding of how to infuse deep learning into computer vision and image processing applications. Readers are expected to have intermediate Python skills. No previous knowledge of PyTorch and Computer Vision is required. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. An Introduction to Deep Learning 2. Supervised Learning 3. Gradient Descent 4. OpenCV with Python 5. Python Imaging Library and Pillow 6. Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks 7. GoogLeNet, VGGNet, and ResNet 8. Understanding Object Detection 9. Popular Algorithms for Object Detection 10. Faster RCNN with PyTorch and YoloV4 with Darknet 11. Comparing Algorithms and API Deployment with Flask 12. Applications in Real World


Deep Learning Patterns and Practices

Deep Learning Patterns and Practices
Author: Andrew Ferlitsch
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 755
Release: 2021-10-12
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 163835667X

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Discover best practices, reproducible architectures, and design patterns to help guide deep learning models from the lab into production. In Deep Learning Patterns and Practices you will learn: Internal functioning of modern convolutional neural networks Procedural reuse design pattern for CNN architectures Models for mobile and IoT devices Assembling large-scale model deployments Optimizing hyperparameter tuning Migrating a model to a production environment The big challenge of deep learning lies in taking cutting-edge technologies from R&D labs through to production. Deep Learning Patterns and Practices is here to help. This unique guide lays out the latest deep learning insights from author Andrew Ferlitsch’s work with Google Cloud AI. In it, you'll find deep learning models presented in a unique new way: as extendable design patterns you can easily plug-and-play into your software projects. Each valuable technique is presented in a way that's easy to understand and filled with accessible diagrams and code samples. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the technology Discover best practices, design patterns, and reproducible architectures that will guide your deep learning projects from the lab into production. This awesome book collects and illuminates the most relevant insights from a decade of real world deep learning experience. You’ll build your skills and confidence with each interesting example. About the book Deep Learning Patterns and Practices is a deep dive into building successful deep learning applications. You’ll save hours of trial-and-error by applying proven patterns and practices to your own projects. Tested code samples, real-world examples, and a brilliant narrative style make even complex concepts simple and engaging. Along the way, you’ll get tips for deploying, testing, and maintaining your projects. What's inside Modern convolutional neural networks Design pattern for CNN architectures Models for mobile and IoT devices Large-scale model deployments Examples for computer vision About the reader For machine learning engineers familiar with Python and deep learning. About the author Andrew Ferlitsch is an expert on computer vision, deep learning, and operationalizing ML in production at Google Cloud AI Developer Relations. Table of Contents PART 1 DEEP LEARNING FUNDAMENTALS 1 Designing modern machine learning 2 Deep neural networks 3 Convolutional and residual neural networks 4 Training fundamentals PART 2 BASIC DESIGN PATTERN 5 Procedural design pattern 6 Wide convolutional neural networks 7 Alternative connectivity patterns 8 Mobile convolutional neural networks 9 Autoencoders PART 3 WORKING WITH PIPELINES 10 Hyperparameter tuning 11 Transfer learning 12 Data distributions 13 Data pipeline 14 Training and deployment pipeline


Learning Deep Architectures for AI

Learning Deep Architectures for AI
Author: Yoshua Bengio
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
Total Pages: 145
Release: 2009
Genre: Computational learning theory
ISBN: 1601982941

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Theoretical results suggest that in order to learn the kind of complicated functions that can represent high-level abstractions (e.g. in vision, language, and other AI-level tasks), one may need deep architectures. Deep architectures are composed of multiple levels of non-linear operations, such as in neural nets with many hidden layers or in complicated propositional formulae re-using many sub-formulae. Searching the parameter space of deep architectures is a difficult task, but learning algorithms such as those for Deep Belief Networks have recently been proposed to tackle this problem with notable success, beating the state-of-the-art in certain areas. This paper discusses the motivations and principles regarding learning algorithms for deep architectures, in particular those exploiting as building blocks unsupervised learning of single-layer models such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines, used to construct deeper models such as Deep Belief Networks.