Annotated Bibliography On Visual Performance At Low Photopic Illumination Levels PDF Download

A common human factors recommendation states that, for good target visibility, the area surrounding a display should not be brighter than the background area within the display. However, this recommendation must often be violated in applications where the surround brightness cannot be adequately controlled (e.g. in an airplane cockpit) and/or display technique limitations prevent use of high brightness backgrounds (e.g. with cathode ray tubes). This literature review was undertaken to see what has been discovered thus far concerning the effects on target visibility of specific parameters of a surround-to-background. Well over 100 documents were reviewed. Seventy-five annotated references to the more pertinent documents are contained in this report. Quantitative effects of pertinent parameters have been studied by numerous investigators. Results of studies using extended surrounds, rather than point sources, have not been sufficiently comprehensive or consistent to support quantitative generalizations in this area. Attempts have been made by Holladay and by Moon and Spencer to make quantitative predictions for the extended surround case on the basis of the more extensive body of data dealing with point source effects. However, several of the findings upon which their formulas are based have been contradicted by other findings cited in this report. (Author).