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An Analysis of Performance-based Funding Policies at an Open Access Institution

An Analysis of Performance-based Funding Policies at an Open Access Institution
Author: John Brady
Publisher:
Total Pages: 108
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN:
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Performance-based funding policies have become popular among state legislators seeking ways to hold public higher education institutions accountable. Approximately 30 states currently use performance-based funding policies to tie state appropriations to institutional outcomes according to a defined set of metrics. Despite the popularity of the policy approach, very little empirical evidence exists to suggest that performance-based funding is effective in producing the often-intended outcomes of increased student retention and degree attainment rates. Numerous studies have indicated that these policies may produce unintended outcomes including the restriction of access, the gaming of performance-based funding systems, and the widening of equity gaps. This quantitative study employed an independent t test assuming unequal variances to investigate the effectiveness of performance-based funding policies on student retention by comparing the retention rates of full-time, first-time-in-college (FTIC) students by race, gender, and Pell grant eligibility for the four years following the implementation of these policies at a single Florida College System institution. This study also sought to determine if differences exist among enrollment rates for these same variables following the implementation of performance-based funding policies. Though findings were mixed, results revealed that in most cases there were statistically significant differences among the retention and enrollment rates across the variables of race, gender, and Pell Grant-eligibility for the sample of fulltime FTIC students following the implementation of PBF policies. Based on the study findings, policy recommendations are proposed to enhance the effectiveness of the performance-based funding policies for the Florida College System.

Performance Funding for Higher Education

Performance Funding for Higher Education
Author: Kevin J. Dougherty
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2016-10-04
Genre: Education
ISBN: 142142083X
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Ultimately, the authors recommend that states create new ways of helping colleges with many at-risk students, define performance indicators and measures better tailored to institutional missions, and improve the capacity of colleges to engage in organizational learning.

Constructing "winners and Losers"

Constructing
Author: Denisa Gandara
Publisher:
Total Pages: 536
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:
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In recent years, numerous state-level policies intended to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of higher education have emerged and, in some cases, re-emerged. One such policy that has gained traction in states is performance-based funding--a method of tying state funding for public higher education institutions directly to institutions' performance on pre-specified metrics. This approach represents a departure from the traditional, input-based method of allocating state funds to public colleges and universities, which has historically relied on enrollment counts. Grounded in a theory of policy design that draws attention to the value-laden elements of the policy process, this study examined performance funding policy design, both policy design content and process, in two states: Colorado and Texas. For the analysis, this study employed a multiple case study research design and drew on interviews with 34 policy actors, over a dozen observations of legislative and state higher education agency proceedings, and over 300 documents. Findings from this study indicate that performance funding model designs are overwhelmingly a function of higher education institutions' self-interest, particularly in contexts where institutional representatives have substantial authority over the model design process. The social construction of certain students (e.g., ethnic minority students) as deserving or undeserving of policy benefits also contributes to model designs. Finally, institutional representatives' political power resources are directly associated with the distribution of benefits or burdens to their institution. By deconstructing performance funding policy designs to their constituent parts, this study focused on how and why, given myriad options for performance funding policy designs, certain policy elements were chosen instead of others. This analysis of designs is especially critical given evidence that costly failures in some instances of performance funding may be attributed to poor design, including the use of inappropriate metrics. Moreover, by drawing on a theory of policy design previously unintroduced to the higher education literature and extending the performance funding research base, this study made a number of conceptual and practical contributions, including identifying important considerations for performance funding policy evaluations and for funding model design.

Funding Public Colleges and Universities for Performance

Funding Public Colleges and Universities for Performance
Author: Joseph C. Burke
Publisher: Rockefeller Institute Press
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2002-10-10
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 143843636X
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This is the first comprehensive study of performance funding of public colleges and universities, which directly ties some state allocations to institutional results on designated indicators. The book examines performance funding as a national phenomenon, identifying the champions and critics of the program, the arguments for and against its adoption, the most common performance measures used for funding, the characteristics that separate stable from unstable initiatives, and the inherent possibilities and problems. The authors include case studies of performance funding in Tennessee, Missouri, Florida, Ohio, and South Carolina, and explore the reasons why Arkansas, Colorado, Kentucky, and Minnesota first adopted and later abandoned their programs. They examine problems with performance funding, such as the reluctance of the academic community to agree on reasonable goals for undergraduate education or the failure to apply performance funding to the academic departments that are mostly responsible for institutional results on many of the performance indicators. The contributors conclude that although the future of performance funding remains cloudy, one aspect is becoming clear—taxpayers are unlikely to continue to accept the proposition that performance should count in all endeavors except state funding for higher education. Contributors include E. Grady Brogue, Joseph C. Burke, Juan C. Copa, Patrick Dallet, Terri Lessard, Gary Moden, Dr. Robert B. Stein, Michael Williford, and David J. Wright.

Performance-based Funding for Public Research in Tertiary Education Institutions Workshop Proceedings

Performance-based Funding for Public Research in Tertiary Education Institutions Workshop Proceedings
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 191
Release: 2010-12-01
Genre:
ISBN: 926409461X
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This book takes stock of current thinking and practice around performance-based funding of public research in tertiary education institutions, as a tool to help governments meet their research goals.

The European Higher Education Area

The European Higher Education Area
Author: Adrian Curaj
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 906
Release: 2015-10-12
Genre: Education
ISBN: 3319208772
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Bridging the gap between higher education research and policy making was always a challenge, but the recent calls for more evidence-based policies have opened a window of unprecedented opportunity for researchers to bring more contributions to shaping the future of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Encouraged by the success of the 2011 first edition, Romania and Armenia have organised a 2nd edition of the Future of Higher Education – Bologna Process Researchers’ Conference (FOHE-BPRC) in November 2014, with the support of the Italian Presidency of the European Union and as part of the official EHEA agenda. Reuniting over 170 researchers from more than 30 countries, the event was a forum to debate the trends and challenges faced by higher education today and look at the future of European cooperation in higher education. The research volumes offer unique insights regarding the state of affairs of European higher education and research, as well as forward-looking policy proposals. More than 50 articles focus on essential themes in higher education: Internationalization of higher education; Financing and governance; Excellence and the diversification of missions; Teaching, learning and student engagement; Equity and the social dimension of higher education; Education, research and innovation; Quality assurance, The impacts of the Bologna Process on the EHEA and beyond and Evidence-based policies in higher education. "The Bologna process was launched at a time of great optimism about the future of the European project – to which, of course, the reform of higher education across the continent has made a major contribution. Today, for the present, that optimism has faded as economic troubles have accumulated in the Euro-zone, political tensions have been increased on issues such as immigration and armed conflict has broken out in Ukraine. There is clearly a risk that, against this troubled background, the Bologna process itself may falter. There are already signs that it has been downgraded in some countries with evidence of political withdrawal. All the more reason for the voice of higher education researchers to be heard. Since the first conference they have established themselves as powerful stakeholders in the development of the EHEA, who are helping to maintain the momentum of the Bologna process. Their pivotal role has been strengthened by the second Bucharest conference." Peter Scott, Institute of Education, London (General Rapporteur of the FOHE-BPRC first edition)

Financing Public Universities

Financing Public Universities
Author: Marcel Herbst
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 246
Release: 2007-05-16
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1402055609
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This crucial book addresses newer practices of resource allocation which tie university funding to indicators of performance. It covers the evolvement of mass higher education and the associated curtailment of funding, the public management reform debate within which performance-based budgeting or funding evolved, and sketches alternative governance and management modes which can be used instead. Four appendices cover more technical matters.

Higher Education Accountability

Higher Education Accountability
Author: Robert Kelchen
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 271
Release: 2018-02-27
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1421424738
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Beginning with the earliest efforts to regulate schools, the author reveals the rationale behind accountability and outlines the historical development of how US federal and state policies, accreditation practices, private-sector interests, and internal requirements have become so important to institutional success and survival

A Policy Analysis of Performance-based Funding in the State University System of Florida

A Policy Analysis of Performance-based Funding in the State University System of Florida
Author: Monika Alesnik
Publisher:
Total Pages: 192
Release: 2020
Genre: Education, Higher
ISBN:
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Performance-based funding in the State University System of Florida is the principle legislative based funding method for the states 12 public universities. The system and the policy is governed by the Florida Board of Governors. However, Florida’s legislative branch has ultimate authority in regards to the policy. There is a gap of knowledge on the critical factors which led to the development, implementation and adoption of this policy. Data were collected using primary and secondary document analysis as well as through interviews with individuals in the following groups: elected officials, higher education leaders, staff, financial or policy influencers and other higher education stakeholders. Four themes emerged from the analysis of the data; the economy, accountability, the “political-ness” of Florida as well as the importance of investing in the state’s public higher education system. Using Kingdon (2011) Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies as the theoretical framework of the study, the themes were then interpreted using Kingdon’s three streams: the problem stream, the policy stream and the political stream which converge to create policy. The themes aligned with and expanded the understanding of the critical factors which led to the adoption and continued use of performance-based funding in the State University System of Florida. Suggestions for future research were also identified.

The Politics of Performance Funding for Higher Education

The Politics of Performance Funding for Higher Education
Author: Kevin J. Dougherty
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 272
Release: 2015-05-15
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1421416913
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The first nation-wide analysis of the politics of performance funding in higher education. Performance funding ties state support of colleges and universities directly to institutional performance on specific outcomes, including retention, number of credits accrued, graduation, and job placement. The theory is that introducing market-like forces will prod institutions to become more efficient and effective. In The Politics of Performance Funding for Higher Education, Kevin J. Dougherty and Rebecca S. Natow explore the sometimes puzzling evolution of this mode of funding higher education. Drawing on an eight-state study of performance funding in Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington, Dougherty and Natow shed light on the social and political factors affecting the origins, evolution, and demise of these programs. Their findings uncover patterns of frequent adoption, discontinuation, and re-adoption. Of the thirty-six states that have ever adopted performance funding, two-thirds discontinued it, although many of those later re-adopted it. Even when performance funding programs persist over time, they can undergo considerable changes in both the amount of state funding and in the indicators used to allocate funding. Yet performance funding continues to attract interest from federal and state officials, state policy associations, and major foundations as a way of improving educational outcomes. The authors explore the various forces, actors, and motives behind the adoption, discontinuation, and transformation of performance funding programs. They compare U.S. programs to international models, and they gauge the likely future of performance funding, given the volatility of the political forces driving it. Aimed at educators, sociologists, political scientists, and policy makers, this book will be hailed as the definitive assessment of the origins and evolution of performance funding.