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Enhancing Civilian Protection in Peace Operations: Insights From Africa

Enhancing Civilian Protection in Peace Operations: Insights From Africa
Author: Paul D. Williams
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Total Pages: 76
Release: 2010
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780160937286

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Excerpt from Enhancing Civilian Protection in Peace Operations: Insights from Africa: “The protection of civilians is a critical issue in African security. Nearly 600,000 civilians in 27 African countries have been massacred in the past two decades. Tens of millions more have been killed in battles, displaced, or perished from indirect causes of such attacks and the continent’s armed conflicts. Not only are civilians the main victims of Africa’s wars, but also an increasing number of United Nations (UN) Security Council resolutions have called upon peacekeepers to protect them. For many, civilian protection is the very essence of peacekeeping. This is a driving rationale behind the unanimously endorsed and UN-mandated ‘responsibility to protect’ principle— the idea that governments have a responsibility to prevent and curtail genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and ethnic cleansing. Civilian protection is also a crucial part of forging durable political settlements because any peace agreement that tolerates continued violence against civilians will not provide a solid foundation on which to build legitimate governance structures.” This publication addresses challenges to protecting civilians in Africa’s war zones from violence, examples of previous peace operations and some lessons learned that could be applied in this situation, how civilian protection policies might be enhanced, suggested policies to implement, and more. Related items: Advancing Stability and Reconciliation in Guinea-Bissau: Lessons From Africa's First Narco-State can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/advancing-stability-and-reconciliation-guinea-bissau-lessons-africas-first-narco-state Africa foreign affairs publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/africa


Using Force to Protect Civilians

Using Force to Protect Civilians
Author: Stian Kjeksrud
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2023-04-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0192671294

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Using Force to Protect Civilians offers the first comprehensive analysis of United Nations military protection operations across time and UN missions, drawing on a novel dataset that covers 200 operations from ten UN peacekeeping missions in Africa from 1999 to 2017. Employing a mixed-methods research design, the book finds that Blue Helmets succeed as often as they fail when they employ force to protect, indicating that they can wield force effectively - under the right conditions - to achieve this priority task. Stian Kjeksrud shows that effective UN military protection operations must rest on a deep understanding of perpetrators' motivation and modus operandi for attacking civilians, facilitating tailored military responses to stop or reduce physical threats in a timely manner. Adding to existing knowledge about the conflict-reducing effect of the presence of uniformed UN personnel, he also finds that specific actions matter more than the simple presence of Blue Helmets in large numbers. While protecting civilians is a priority task for military peacekeepers, we have limited knowledge about how they fare across time and in different UN missions when they use force to protect. We also remain largely ignorant of the conditions leading to successful outcomes when they intervene militarily to protect civilians from violence. Using Force to Protect Civilians addresses both of these knowledge gaps, and provides the building blocks for a theory of the utility of force to protect civilians in UN peace operations.


The State of Peacebuilding in Africa

The State of Peacebuilding in Africa
Author: Terence McNamee
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 433
Release: 2020-11-02
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3030466361

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This open access book on the state of peacebuilding in Africa brings together the work of distinguished scholars, practitioners, and decision makers to reflect on key experiences and lessons learned in peacebuilding in Africa over the past half century. The core themes addressed by the contributors include conflict prevention, mediation, and management; post-conflict reconstruction, justice and Disarmament Demobilization and Reintegration; the role of women, religion, humanitarianism, grassroots organizations, and early warning systems; and the impact of global, regional, and continental bodies. The book's thematic chapters are complemented by six country/region case studies: The Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan/South Sudan, Mozambique and the Sahel/Mali. Each chapter concludes with a set of key lessons learned that could be used to inform the building of a more sustainable peace in Africa. The State of Peacebuilding in Africa was born out of the activities of the Southern Voices Network for Peacebuilding (SVNP), a Carnegie-funded, continent-wide network of African organizations that works with the Wilson Center to bring African knowledge and perspectives to U.S., African, and international policy on peacebuilding in Africa. The research for this book was made possible by a grant from Carnegie Corporation of New York.


Enhancing U.S. Support for Peace Operations in Africa

Enhancing U.S. Support for Peace Operations in Africa
Author: Paul D. Williams
Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations
Total Pages: 56
Release: 2015-05-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 0876096240

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In a new Council Special Report, Enhancing U.S. Support for Peace Operations in Africa, Paul D. Williams argues that greater U.S. involvement is necessary to enhance the quality and success of peacekeeping missions.


Protection of Civilians

Protection of Civilians
Author: Haidi Willmot
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 497
Release: 2016
Genre: Law
ISBN: 019872926X

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The protection of civilians which has been at the forefront of international discourse during recent years is explored through harnessing perspective from international law and international relations. Presenting the realities of diplomacy and mandate implementation in academic discourse.


Peacekeeping in Africa

Peacekeeping in Africa
Author: Oliver Furley
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2021-05-11
Genre: History
ISBN: 1000347540

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First published in 1998, Peacekeeping in Africa was written to help make up the shortfall in the number of books that concentrated specifically on peacekeeping in Africa. The book covers the main peacekeeping operations of Africa, and provides a wealth of background material. In doing so, it explores the policies and actions of the international organisations concerned and the participating African states. It also considers the impact of sub-regional powers and the role of the USA, Britain, and France. Comprising three parts, Peacekeeping in Africa examines world perspectives, case studies, and wider issues surrounding Africa’s peacekeeping operations.


The Future of African Peace Operations

The Future of African Peace Operations
Author: Cedric De Coning
Publisher: Zed Books Ltd.
Total Pages: 204
Release: 2016-03-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1783607114

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Facing threats ranging from Islamist insurgencies to the Ebola pandemic, African regional actors are playing an increasingly vital role in safeguarding peace and stability across the continent. But while the African Union has demonstrated its ability to deploy forces on short notice and in difficult circumstances, the challenges posed by increasingly complex conflict zones have revealed a widening divide between the theory and practice of peacekeeping. With the AU's African Standby Force becoming fully operational in 2016, this timely and much-needed work argues that responding to these challenges will require a new and distinctively African model of peacekeeping, as well as a radical revision of the current African security framework. The first book to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of African peace operations, The Future of African Peace Operations gives a long overdue assessment of the ways in which peacekeeping on the continent has evolved over the past decade. It will be a vital resource for policy makers, researchers and all those seeking solutions and insights into the immense security challenges which Africa is facing today.


Peace Maintenance in Africa

Peace Maintenance in Africa
Author: Giovanni Cellamare
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 195
Release: 2018-01-25
Genre: Law
ISBN: 331972293X

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This book discusses the many legal aspects arising in relation to the maintenance of peace in Africa. Over the past twenty years, the majority of peace operations have been deployed on this continent, most of them established by the UN Security Council, sometimes in cooperation with the African Union and other African regional organizations, with contributions from the European Union and NATO. In some cases, the African Union has invoked its ‘primary responsibility for promoting peace, security and stability in Africa’, thus questioning the legal partnership between UN and regional organizations provided for in Chapter VIII of the UN Charter. The peace operations deployed in Africa have sometimes received a very robust mandate, which also includes the use of force and the protection of civilians’ human rights. The implementation of this broad mandate, which goes well beyond the traditional ‘peacekeeping approach’, requires considerable human and economic resources. Moreover, it raises several issues of concern with regard to the impact on the economic and political systems of the states in which the operations are deployed and, more generally, on the exercise of sovereignty over their territorial communities by these states. Offering an update for lawyers in practice and in academia interested in the field of international law, the book also contributes to the theoretical studies concerning the activities of international organizations, focusing on one of the most challenging issues to emerge in recent times.


Effective Civil-Military Interaction in Peace Operations

Effective Civil-Military Interaction in Peace Operations
Author: Gerard Lucius
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 316
Release: 2016-03-24
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 3319268066

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This book contains unique, firsthand experiences of both the military and civilian actors involved in civil-military interaction processes. It presents lessons learned from a variety of situations, from both NATO-led operations and UN Integrated Missions, and in different geographical areas, such as the Balkans, Iraq, Afghanistan and Africa. Rather than taking the improvisational approach, these lessons learned will enable military commanders and staff and their civilian counterparts in governments, International Organisations and NGOs to come fully prepared for the challenges of today's multifaceted missions. With a better understanding of the mandates and methods of the various civilian and military actors comes greater respect for each other's comparative advantages. With respect comes smoother cooperation. And with that, efficiency gains and enhanced overall mission effectiveness. Each chapter contains solid analysis and advice, specific to the functions found in military organizations, from Intelligence to Personnel and from Logistics to Engineering. Cross-cutting themes like Gender, Human Rights and Corruption are also included in this work that brings together some of the best that practitioners and academics can offer.